4. Precision Approach Procedures

Question 1

Once established on LOC, how do you maintain it?

Answer 1

• Keep HDG changes within HDG bug - establish drift early on - this will change as you descend
• Small coordinated turns
• 5* correction changes to 2* durther down the LOC

Question 2

What do you do just before you descend with the glide?

Answer 2

Check your groundspeed and establish required RoD

1/2 scale G/S - configure AEO

1/4 scale OEI - configure

Question 3

How do you maintain both LOC and G/S on the ILS?

Answer 3

• Control speed with power
• control RoD with pitch (small corr.)
• Maintain LLZ with small HDG corrections
• Do not chase the needles!

Question 4

When do you configure on an ILS?

Answer 4

AEO: 1/2 scale defrelction

OEI: later (as diamond is about to touch or 1/4 scale)

Question 5

What are you looking for in a stable approach check?

Answer 5

• on correct G/S
• Within 1 dot of LLZ and G/S
• Only small pitch and HDG changes
• IAS not more than 105 or less than 85
• Correct configuration
• VSI <1200fpm (if more, has to be briefed)
• Correct power
• ATC speed restrictions do not apply <4nm from T/D

Question 6

What’s the allowance for starting a G/A?

Answer 6

AEO DA +50’/-0’

OEI DA +100’/-0’

Question 7

What visual references are required to continue the approach and landing?

Answer 7

• Threshold lights
• elements of the approach lighting system
• RWY edge lights, etc.
• PAPIs
• TDZ markings
• Other accepted by UK CAA references

Question 8

What do you do once established in the G/A ?

Answer 8

Review MAP and follow it

Question 9

What’s the wake turbulence separation on APP/LDG?

Answer 9

• L—>M (3 mins)
• L—>H (3 mins)
• L—>S (4 mins)

Question 10

On an asymmetric approach, when is the earliest you can select flaps?

Answer 10

On an asymmetric approach flaps should not be selected until the decision to land has been made. Prior to flap selection the minimum speed should be Flapless Vref

Question 11

Answer 11

Question 12

Answer 12

Question 13

Answer 13

Question 14

what do you do when asymmetric and circling to land

Answer 14

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

Answer 16

Question 17

Answer 17

Question 18

What is the protected localizer voume and distance and height?

What are the signal characteristics?

Answer 18

• 1000’ above obstacles along the course, 4500’ above localiser elevation
• 10* left or right within 18nm
• 35* left or right within 10nm
• 90Hz (Y) left/ 150Hz (B) right
• DDM principle
• 2.5* deflection either side

Question 19

What’s the localiser intercept strategy?

Answer 19

1. Use the lubber line method
2. Initially, steer a heading that stops the needle moving even not on CRS
3. Use that as ref Heading - have it established by 4nm
4. INTCPT centerline
5. Keep heading corrections within 5* initally, 2* towards the end
6. Use your feet to keep the LOC (Rudder)

Question 20

What are the glideslope beam characteristics?

Answer 20

• UHF
• 90 Hz (Y) top / 150 Hz (B) bottom
• DDM principle
• First false G/S at 12.5*. It has reverse sensing and oscillates
• 0.7* max deflection above and below

Question 21

What’s the strategy for holding the glideslope?

Answer 21

• Hold airspeed with POwer (+/- 5kts acceptable, any more - power needs adjusting)
• Hold Glideslope with elevator (AH)
• Corrections should become finer and finers as you get closer