4- pathology of MSK tumours Flashcards
what are 3 common & benign lesions?
- ganglion cysts
- giant cell tumour
- fibromatosis
what are ganglion cysts?
soft, squishy, mobile peripheral lumps that are near joint capsule sheat
- common at wrists
what are giant cell tumours?
= benign & multiple nucleated
2 types
1. pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) - more destructive & diffuse, at large joints (difficult to excise)
2. giant cell tumour of bone (GCTS) - small nodules
what is fibromatosis?
= common benign lesion (fibrous & connective tissue)
- a few types = dupuytren’s contractures, knuckle pads, plantar fibromatosis, penile lesions, deep fibromatosis
what are fat tumours examples?
- angiolipoma = benign, multiple & peripheral, painful subcutaneous lesions
- liposarcoma = malignant
what are some different types of painful sub tissue lesions? (ANGEL)
A - angiolipoma
N - neuroma (traumatic)
G - glomus tumour (nail beds)
E = eccrine spiradenoma (skin adnexal tumour)
L - cutaneous leiomyoma
what are some examples of smooth muscle tumours?
leiomyoma = benign, common since smooth muscle everywhere
leiomyoma sarcoma = malignant
what are examples of skeletal muscle tumours?
- rhabdomyomas = rare
- rhabdomyosarcoma = malignant, more in younger
what are 2 types of cartilage tumours?
(loads of variants)
enchondroma = benign, seen in digits, benign
chondrosarcomas = malignant, axial skeleton, older
what are 2 uncertain origin tumours?
- ewings sarcoma = paediatric, long bones, specific genetic abnormality t11:22
- synovial sarcoma
what is pseudo sarcomas? 2 examples?
tissue repairing itself in weird way
- nodular fasciitis = any age group, rapid growth, small ish, often history of preceding illness. common one to simulate malignancy
- myositis ossificans = like bone bruise, in big muscles preceding trauma, initial soft swelling then hardness develops over weeks
