4. Normative Ethical Theories and Stakeholder Engagement- First Nation Tribe Oil Flashcards
1
Q
Addiopizzo Travel
A
- Social enterprise promoting sustainable tourism in Sicily
- Hybrid organization with a social mission = mainly making revenues as a source of financial sustainability
- Leveraging business opportunities that lie behind ethical tourism in Sicily
- Economic sustainability = Business organization 100% Pizzo-free
- Environmental sustainability = Valorization (Aufwertung) and protection of local natural and cultural resources
- Social sustainability = Culture of legality and provide clean job opportunities
2
Q
Social enterprises as Hybrid organizations
A
- First definition = Organizations that combine aspects of nonprofits and for-profits by primarily pursuing a social mission/ Relying substantially on commercial revenue to sustain operations
- Second definition = Business with primarily social objectives/ Surpluses are principally reinvested for that purpose in the business or in the community/ Rarely being driven by the need to maximize profit for shareholders
- Synthesis = Organizations that adopt commercial ventures to achieve social purposes
- Contrast = Economic companies = Economic mission + Financial sustainability Revenues/ Social companies = Social mission + Financial sustainability Grants and Donations
3
Q
Normative Ethical Theories
A
- Case “An Ethical dilemma: Producing Toys – Childs’ play?”
- Situational factor must be considered as well besides motivations and outcomes
4
Q
Different ethical theories
A
- Non-consequentialist theory of value = Judges the rightness or wrongness of an action based on properties implicit to the action/ Not on its consequences/ Knowing what the right thing to do is (Recognize Moral Issue/ Make Moral Judgement)
- A consequentialist theory of value = Judges the rightness or wrongness of an action based on the consequences that action has/ Most familiar example is Utilitarianism/ Behaving in the right way (Establish Moral Intent/ Engage in Moral Behavior)
5
Q
Consequentialist theories- Egoism
A
- Acting in my or my organizations best long-term interest
- Action is morally right if = Decision makers freely decide/ Pursue either 1. short term desires or their 2. long term interests
- All the actors involved in the deal pursue their own desires and interests = Manager/ Corporations/ Parents/ Children/ Thai Partner
6
Q
Consequentialist theories- Utilitarianism
A
- That action is best that produces the greatest good for the greatest number
- Action is morally right if = Producing more pleasure than pain for society in the long run
- Use cost-benefit analysis to ensure there are more good than bad effects for all actors involved in the deal
- Problem cost-benefit analysis = Subjectivity/ Quantification
7
Q
Non-Consequentialist theories- Ethics of Duties
A
- Recognizing ones duty in a situation
- Action is morally right if = Consistent with categorical imperative
- Categorical imperative = 1. Action should not be tied to particular condition/ 2. Action should not use people as means only but as ends undo themselves/ 3. Action should be acceptable for every human being
- Action should not be tied to particular condition = Would you be able to exploit child labor in your country?
- Action should not use people as means only but as ends undo themselves = Have children freely decided to work?
- Action should be acceptable for every human being = Would every rational human being come to your choice?
8
Q
Non-Consequentialist theories- Ethics of Rights
A
- Respecting fundamental human rights
- Action is morally right = Consistent with certain basic, important, unalienable entitlements/ Must be respected and protected in every single action
- E.G. Right to life/ Freedom and property/ Education
- Am I respecting the right of the children to education?
- Problem = Western centric approach (Fundamental rights are the same worldwide?!)
9
Q
Discourse ethics
A
- Work together to provide mutually acceptable solution to the problem
- Moral norms only valid if they get approval of all participants
- Consensus only if all participants participate freely
10
Q
Virtue ethics
A
- Approach that focusses on the decision maker
- Not related to the outcomes or procedures associated with an action
- Action is morally right = Actor has a virtuous (tugendhaft) character/ Actor aims to reach happiness of the good life
- What would a decent and honest person do in the same situation?
11
Q
Stakeholder engagement
A
- Identifying critical stakeholders
- Identifying their (ethical) expectations
- Identifying points of contact
- Opening a dialogue with them
- Integrate/ modify your strategy
- Keeping the interaction active
12
Q
Case First Nation Tribe Oil- Problems/ Risks
A
- Environmental Pollution
- Nature/ Natural Resources
- Health/ life
- Infrastructure
- Culture of protecting nature and balance between everything
13
Q
Case First Nation Tribe Oil- Opportunities
A
- Economy
- Jobs
- Export
- Governmental profit through taxes
- Profit for community → conquer life standard issues and unemployment
- Bring together both sides and create shared value
14
Q
Case First Nation Tribe Oil- Identifying the critical stakeholder
A
- First Nation Tribe
- Company
- Government
- Environmentalists
15
Q
Case First Nation Tribe Oil- Tribe Expectations
A
- Safety
- Health
- Financial support and Education
- Inclusion in decision making
- Information transparency
- Respect of the land
- Keep power of the land
