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Prostho > 4. Medical history & General Principles > Flashcards

4. Medical history & General Principles Flashcards

1
Q

Age and adaptability to new prostheses?

A

Worse adaptability due to worse tissues

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2
Q

What size lips are better when assesing a patient for dentures?

A

bigger lips

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3
Q

What happens to the floor of the mouth of an edentulous patient?

A
  • Goes up due to progressive resorption of the ridge
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4
Q

What restricts the extension of the dentures base?

A

Mobile tissues insertion

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5
Q

What happens to the VD of an edentulous patient? (2)

A

-reduced b/c lack of teeth - mandible goes up to get in contact with maxilla

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6
Q

What supplemental exams are needed for dentures? (3)

A

• Orthopantomogram. - Impacted teeth. - Cysts. - Remaining roots. • Periapical radiographs. • Computerized tomography, nuclear magnetic tomography, biopsy, sialography.

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7
Q

Two kinds of forces act upon a complete denture:

A
  • Passive forces: Forces while the mouth is at rest. - Functional forces: Forces while in function (chewing, swallowing, talking, drinking…)
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8
Q

Displacement forces of a denture? (3)

A

• Intrussive forces: Tend to impact the denture over the supporting structures. • Extrussive forces: Tend to move the denture out of place. *dentures must be capable of minimizing this forces

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9
Q

Opposing forces for displacement of a denture? (3)

A

• Support » opposes to intrusive forces. • Retention and stability » oppose to extrusive forces. - Retention: opposes all vertical extrusive forces. - Stability: opposes all lateral extrusive forces.

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10
Q

Define Support (3)

A
  • relationship b/w denture base and supporting tissues -opposes intrusive forces - surface of denture
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11
Q

Define retention

A
  • Resisting the forces of dislodgment along the path of placement - opposes all vertical extrusive forces.
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12
Q

Define stability

A

opposes all lateral extrusive forces.

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13
Q

What bears the load in complete dentures? (2)

A
  • always tissue-supported, although in the end bone is what bears the load - Attached gingiva and bone are the supporting structures, but support is the capability of the denture
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14
Q

Bad support is implied by? (2)

A
  • Bad supporting tissue (ex. mobile gingiva) - bad denture fit
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15
Q

What factors are involved in retention? (4)

A

• Adhesion. • Cohesion. • Border seal. • Other factors.

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16
Q

Define adhesion: (2)

A

-property of remaining close in proximity - physical attraction of molecules of DIFFERENT bodies

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17
Q

How does adhesion occur with dentures? (2)

A
  • Between denture and saliva - Between saliva and mucosa.
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18
Q

Adhesion related to space between denture and mucosa?

A

-wider space = less adhesion = less retention

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19
Q

What factors increase adhesion (Retention)? (3)

A
  • more supporting surface of denture - thicker saliva **TOO thick saliva can hinder impression taking by increasing hydraulic pressure between denture and mucosa
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20
Q

Define cohesion:

A

sticking together of particles of the SAME substance

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21
Q

What causes higher retention in relation to cohesion? (3)

A
  • More Saliva b/c located between the denture and supporting mucosa - more saliva cohesion = more surface tension = more retention - more supporting surface of denture = higher retention
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22
Q

Does the upper or lower denture have more retention? (2)

A

Upper. -lower= less retention b/c of cohesion and adhesion

23
Q

Define border seal: (2)

A
  • Contact of the denture border with the underlying or adjacent tissues to prevent the passage of air or other substances - a negative pressure at inner surface of denture (vacuum)
24
Q

Border seal is also know as?

A

Peripheral seal

25
Q

Dentures: Border seal and force? (3)

A

-implies increase in force needed to remove - force doesnt exist if theres a hole - better fit = better seal - bigger extension of base = more negative pressure = more retention

26
Q

Certain elements designed to increase retention must be avoided: why? (3)

A

• Suction chambers. • Suction cups. Can produce tissue hypertrophy

27
Q

What is hypertrophy?

A

Increase in the volume of an organ or tissue (# of cells increase)

28
Q

Define stability:

A

Dental prosthesis to be firm, steady, or constant, to resist displacement by functional horizontal or rotational stresses

29
Q

______ & ______ can help denture stability

A

Support and retention

30
Q

Stability is mainly achieved by….?

A

balanced articulation

31
Q

What is balanced articulation?

A

Bilateral, simultaneous, anterior, and posterior occlusal contact of teeth in CENTRIC and ECCENTRIC positions

32
Q

Stability: Balanced articulation and occlusal contacts? (3)

A
  • There must be 3 contact points in every mandibular contacting position: 1 anterior and 2 posterior - both at working and non working sides -protrusive movement: must be contacts in anterior, posterior and middle areas of dental arch
33
Q

1?

A
  1. Frenulum labii superioris.
34
Q

2?

A
  1. Vestibule sulcus.
35
Q

3?

A
  1. Buccal frena.
36
Q

13?

A
  1. Palatine rugae.
37
Q

12?

A
  1. Incisal papilla.
38
Q

11?

A
  1. Palatine raphe.
39
Q

10?

A
  1. Palatal foveae.
40
Q

9?

A
  1. Border between hard and soft palate.
41
Q

8?

A
  1. Pterygomaxillary (hamular) notch.
42
Q

7?

A
  1. Maxillar tuberosity.
43
Q

6?

A
  1. Alveolar ridge.
44
Q

5?

A
  1. Coronoid process area.
45
Q

4?

A
  1. Vestibule.
46
Q

12?

A
  1. Lingual frenulum.
47
Q

11?

A
  1. Sublingual caruncle.
48
Q

7?

A
  1. Pterygomandibular ligament.
49
Q

7?

A
  1. Pterygomandibular ligament.
50
Q

6?

A
  1. Retromolar trigone.
51
Q

5?

A
  1. Alveolar ridge.
52
Q

3?

A
  1. Buccal frena.
53
Q

2?

A
  1. Vestibular sulcus.
54
Q

1?

A
  1. Frenulum labii inferioris.

Prostho (17 decks)

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