[4] LESSON 9: PREGNANCY AND DRUG TESTING

Question 1

 May be performed using urine or blood

Answer 1

PREGNANCY TESTING

Question 2

 Involves the detection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Answer 2

PREGNANCY TESTING

Question 3

PREGNANCY TESTING

Specimen requirements:
 [?]
 Specific gravity should be [?]

Answer 3

First morning urine
≥ 1.015

Question 4

 Synthesized and secreted by placental trophoblast cells

Answer 4

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 5

 Helps maintain the vascular integrity of the endometrium with an adequate blood supply until placental synthesis of progesterone begins

Answer 5

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 6

 Glycoprotein hormone with two non-identical subunits (α and β)

Answer 6

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 7

: structurally similar with that of LH, FSH and TSH

Answer 7

 α-chain

Question 8

: unique to hCG

Answer 8

 β-chain

Question 9

 Secreted in the urine within 2 to 3 days after implantation

Answer 9

α and β

Question 10

 Rise rapidly after conception and remain elevated, peaking in the first timester of pregnancy (8-10 weeks: about 100,000 IU/L)

Answer 10

α and β

Question 11

1. Detect pregnancy and its abnormalities (ectopic and molar pregnancies)

Answer 11

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 12

2. Screening for Down’s syndrome and Edward’s syndrome

Answer 12

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 13

3. Monitor the course of a patient with trophoblastic cancer

Answer 13

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 14

Laboratory Detection

Answer 14

1. Rapid Test Kits

Question 15

1. Rapid Test Kits

False negative:

Answer 15

dilute urine

Question 16

1. Rapid Test Kits

False positive:

Answer 16

large amounts of blood, protein or bacteria; presence of certain drugs (phenothiazine)

Question 17

1. Rapid Test Kits

Principle:

Answer 17

enzyme immunoassay (EIA) or immunochromatographic

Question 18

BIOLOGICAL PREGNANCY TESTS

Answer 18

Ascheim-Zondek

Question 19

Immature female mice

Answer 19

Ascheim-Zondek

Question 20

subcutaneous

Answer 20

Ascheim-Zondek

Galli-Mainini

Frank-Berman

Question 21

Formation of hemorrhagic follicles and corpora lutea

Answer 21

Ascheim-Zondek

Question 22

Mature virgin female rabbits

Answer 22

Friedman

Question 23

Marginal ear vein

Answer 23

Friedman

Question 24

Hyperemic uterus and corpora hemorrhagica

Answer 24

Friedman

Question 25

Female toad ( Xenopus laevis )

Answer 25

Hogben

Question 26

South African claw toad

Answer 26

Hogben

Question 27

Lymph sac

Answer 27

Hogben

Question 28

Oogenesis

Answer 28

Hogben

Question 29

Male frog (Rana pipiens or Rana clamitans)

Answer 29

GalliMainini

Question 30

Leopard or grass frog

Answer 30

GalliMainini

Question 31

Male toad ( Bufo or B. americanus)

Answer 31

GalliMainini

Question 32

Subcutaneous

Answer 32

Galli-Mainini Frank-Berman

Question 33

Spermatogenesis

Answer 33

Galli-Mainini

Question 34

Immature female rats

Answer 34

Frank-Berman

Question 35

Ovarian hyperemia

Answer 35

Frank-Berman Kupperman

Question 36

Female rat

Answer 36

Kupperman

Question 37

Intraperitoneal

Answer 37

Kupperman

Question 38

 provides documentation of proper sample identification from the time of collection to the receipt of laboratory results

Answer 38

Chain of Custody (COC)

Question 39

 standardized form that must document and accompany every step of drug testing

Answer 39

Chain of Custody (COC)

Question 40

 collection may be witnessed or unwitnessed

Answer 40

Urine Sample

Question 41

Urine Sample  waterless toilet bowl or water reservoir with [?] to prevent sample dilution or adulteration

Answer 41

bluing agent

Question 42

Urine Sample  Volume:

Answer 42

30 to 45 mL

Question 43

Urine Sample  Temperature:

Answer 43

32.5 to 37.7oC

Question 44

Urine Sample  should be checked [?]

Answer 44

4 minutes after collection

Question 45

 Inspect for any sign of contamination

Answer 45

Urine Sample

Question 46

Scientific name of the laboratory animal used in Hogben biologic pregnancy test

Answer 46

Xenopus laevis

Question 47

Positive result of the test mentioned in the previous item.

Question 48

Condition in which there is a slow increase of hCG levels in a supposedly pregnant female.

Question 49

Hormones which are structurally similar to α-hCG.

Answer 49

LH, FSH, TSH

Question 50

This biologic pregnancy test utilizes a mature virgin female rabbit, the positive result of which is hyperemic uterus and corpora hemorrhagica.

Answer 50

Friedman

Question 51

Level of hCG in Trisomy 18

Question 52

Principle of the rapid pregnancy test kit.

Answer 52

enzyme immunoassay (EIA) or immunochromatographic

Question 53

Cells that normally produce hCG during pregnancy

Answer 53

placental trophoblast cells

Question 54

prolonged standing urine

Question 55

isosthenuric urine

Answer 55

1.010

Question 56

pregnant patient who is about to give birth

Question 57

random urine specimen

Question 58

nephrotic syndrome patient who is 2 months pregnant

Question 59

55 ml urine with a yellow color

Question 60

Urine with a 35oC temp taken 3 min after collection

Question 61

Pale yellow, 35 ml urine

Question 62

Green colored urine with a 32 oC temp taken 4 min after collection

Question 63

30 ml amber-colored urine with a 37.7oC temp taken 4 min after collection