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ANURBF LEC > [1] LESSON 6: URINALYSIS—MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF URINE > Flashcards

[1] LESSON 6: URINALYSIS—MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF URINE Flashcards

1
Q

May indicate the presence of certain sediments

A

Color

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2
Q

Pathologic or non-pathologic causes of turbidity

A

Clarity

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3
Q

Blood

A

RBCs, RBC Cast

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4
Q

Protein

A

Casts, cells

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5
Q

Nitrite

A

Bacteria, WBCs

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6
Q

LE

A

WBCs, WBC Casts, bacteria

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7
Q

Visualization of elements with low refractive indices

A

Phase-Contrast Microscopy

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8
Q

Phase-Contrast Microscopy elements

A

hyaline, mixed cellular cast, MT, Trichomonas

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9
Q

Interference-Contrast Microscopy Types

A

A. Nomarski (Differential)
B. Hoffmann (Modulation)

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10
Q

Bright-Field microscopes can be adapted

A

Interference-Contrast Microscopy

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11
Q

3-D microscopy image and layer-by-layer imaging of a specimen

A

Interference-Contrast Microscopy

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12
Q

SternheimerMalbin components

A

(CV + Safranin O)

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13
Q

Enhances nuclear detail

A

0.5% Toluidine Blue

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14
Q

% Acetic acid

A

2%

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15
Q

Hansel Stain components

A

Eosin Y + Methylene blue

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16
Q

Stains TAG and neutral fats (orangered)

A

Lipid stains

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17
Q

Lipid stains components

A

ORO and Sudan III

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18
Q

Urinary eosinophils

A

Hansel Stain

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19
Q

Crystals (normal) Moderate

A

5-20

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20
Q

Bacteria

A

Rare

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21
Q

Bacteria few

A

10-50

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22
Q

Casts Quantitated

A

Per LPF

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23
Q

RBCs

A

Per HPF

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24
Q

WBCs Quantitated

A

Per HPF

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25
Q

SEC Frequency

A

Rare, Few, Moderate, Many

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26
Q

TEC, yeasts Frequency

A

Rare, Few, Moderate, Many

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27
Q

RTE cells Frequency

A

Average

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28
Q

Abnormal crystals and casts Frequency

A

Average

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29
Q

Red blood cells

Normal value range: _________/HPF

A
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30
Q

Red blood cells

Hypertonic urine = __________________________

A

CRENATED

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31
Q

Red blood cells

Hypotonic urine = __________________________

A
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32
Q

Glomerular bleeding/damage= __________________________

A

RBC CASTS

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33
Q

White blood cells

Normal value range: _______

A

0-5 /HPF

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34
Q

granules undergo Brownian Movement

A

GLITTER CELLS

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35
Q

Neutrophils
*clinically insignificant

A

Glitter Cells

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36
Q

Eosinophils

o Normal value range: __________

A

<1% Toluidine Blue

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37
Q

White blood cells Stain

A

Sternheimer-Malbin Stain

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38
Q

Glitter cells stain color

A

(Pale blue)

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39
Q

Leukocytes stain color

A

(Pale pink)

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40
Q

Eosinophils

Clinically significant: __________ (associated with drug-induced interstitial nephritis)

A
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41
Q

Mononuclear cells (___________________)

A

LYMPHO, MONO, MACS, HISTIOCYTES

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42
Q

Largest cell

A

Squamous epithelial cell

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43
Q

Squamous epithelial cell size

A

30-40 um

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44
Q

_______________: SEC studded with Gardnerella vaginalis; associated with bacterial vaginosis

A

CLUE CELLS

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45
Q

Transitional epithelial cell (____________)

A

UROTHELIAL

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46
Q

Spherical, polyhedral or caudate with centrally located nucleus

A

Transitional epithelial cell

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47
Q

o Most clinically significant epithelial cell

A

Renal tubular epithelial (RTE) cell

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48
Q

Oblong or round to oval or rectangular and contain an eccentric nucleu

A

Renal tubular epithelial (RTE) cell

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49
Q

Renal tubular epithelial (RTE) cell

> 2 RTE/HPF indicates ___________________

A

TUBULAR DAMAGE

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50
Q

Renal tubular epithelial (RTE) cell

Variations
i. _______________
ii. _______________

A

OVAL FAT BODIES
BUBBLE CELLS

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51
Q

Seen in lipiduria (i.e. nephrotic syndrome)

A

OVAL FAT BODIES (Lipid-containing RTE cell)

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52
Q

Lipid-containing RTE cell Identification

A

 Lipid Stains
 Polarizing Microscope

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53
Q

 Lipid Stains

A

TAG and Neutral fats

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54
Q

 Polarizing Microscope (MALTESE-CROSS)

A

OVAL FAT BODIES

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55
Q

o UTI: ___________________ MOST FREQUENTLY ASSOCIATED

A

Bacteria

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56
Q

Most common cause of UTI: _________________________

A

ENTEROBACTERIACEAE (GRAM NEG)

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57
Q

Most frequent parasite encountered in urine urine

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

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58
Q

Pear-shaped flagellate (RAPID DARTING motility)

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

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59
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

Method of reporting: ___________

A

RARE, FEW, MODERATE, MANY PER HPF

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60
Q

associated with bladder cancer

A

Schistosoma haematobium ova

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61
Q

Specimen: 24hr unpreserved urine

A

Schistosoma haematobium ova

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62
Q

 Most common fecal contaminant

A

Enterobius vermicularis

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63
Q

True yeast infection: ____________________

A

WITH WBC

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64
Q

= seen in DM patients and IMMUNOCOMPROMISED

A

Candida albicans

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65
Q

Mucus thread

o Major constituent: ________________

A

TAMM- HORSEFALL PROTEIN (UROMODULIN)

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66
Q

Factors that favors cast formation

Low pH: ______________________

A
  1. Urine stasis
  2. High salt concentration
  3. Low pH
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67
Q

CASTS (CYLINDRURIA)

Major constituent: _______________ produced by _______

A

UROMODULIN

RTE CELLS

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68
Q

Beginning of all casts

A

Hyaline cast

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69
Q

Hyaline cast

Normal Value: ___________

A

0-2 PER LPF

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70
Q

Physiologic: Emotional stress, exercise, dehydration, heat exposure

Pathologic: Glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, CHF

A

Hyaline cast

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71
Q

Nephron bleeding

A

RBC cast

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72
Q

PER LPF

Glomerulonephritis, proteinuria, dysmorphic RBCs

A

RBC cast

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73
Q

Inflammation within the nephron

A

WBC cast

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74
Q

Granules are derived from the lysosomes of RTE cells during normal metabolism

A

Granular casts

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75
Q

Granular casts

Glomerulonephritis, Pyelonephritis, Stress, _______________

A
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76
Q

Final degenerative form of all types of casts

A

Waxy cast

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77
Q

Chronic renal failure

A

Waxy cast

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78
Q

Broad cast

Aka ____________________

A
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79
Q

Factors affecting precipitation _________________ _________________ _________________

A
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80
Q

URINARY CRYSTALS

usually reported as ________/____

A

RARE, FEW, MODERATE, MANY PER LPF

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81
Q

URINARY CRYSTALS

abnormal crystals may be averaged ___

A

AVERAGE or HIGH

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82
Q

Brick dust / yellowbrown granules

A

Amorphous urates

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83
Q

frequently encountered as pink sediment (uroerythrin)

A

Amorphous urates

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84
Q

Heat and Alkali fluid

A

Amorphous urates

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85
Q

Ethylene glycol poisoning

A

CaOx

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86
Q

mistaken as RBC; suggests possibility of a calculus

A

CaOx

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87
Q

“cigarettebutt”

A

Calcium sulfate

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88
Q

Heat with HAc

A

Ammonium biurate

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89
Q

“magnesium phosphate crystals”

A

Calcium phosphate/apatite

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90
Q

“Magnesium ammonium phosphate” “coffin lid” “fern leaf”

A

Triple phosphate

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91
Q

Gas from HAc

A

Calcium carbonate

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92
Q

Mistaken as Uric acid crystals

A

Cystine

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93
Q

Cystinuria Cystinosis

A

Cystine

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94
Q

birefringence

A

Cystine

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95
Q

Rectangular plates w/ notched edges

A

Cholesterol crystal

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96
Q

(staircase pattern)

A

Cholesterol crystal

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97
Q

Nephrotic syndrome (lipiduria)

A

Cholesterol crystal

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98
Q

seen in conjuction with fatty casts and OFB

A

Cholesterol crystal

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99
Q

*heavy proteinuria

A

Cholesterol crystal

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100
Q

Chloroform

A

Cholesterol crystal

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101
Q

“sheaves of wheat”

A

Sulfonamide

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102
Q

“petals”

A

Sulfonamide

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103
Q

Mistaken as calcium phosphates

A

Sulfonamide

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104
Q

Soluble in HAc while positive with Lignin and Diazo rxn

A

Sulfonamide

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105
Q

Lignin Test (Old Newspaper test) = urine + 25% HCl=

A

yellow color (+)

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106
Q

Colorless needles that form bundles after refrigeration

A

Ampicillin

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107
Q

precipitates with tyrosine after the addition of alcohol

A

Leucine

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108
Q

Liver disorder

A

Leucine

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109
Q

Colorless to yellow needles in clumps or rosette

A

Tyrosine

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110
Q

Liver disease (more common that leucine)

A

Tyrosine

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111
Q

Clumped needles or granules with HAc, HCl, bright yellow color (+ in bilirubin rgt strip)

A

Bilirubin

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112
Q

Liver disease (most common)

A

Bilirubin

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113
Q

NaOH, ether, chloroform

A

Bilirubin

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114
Q

[?] mL of urine

A

10 to 15

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115
Q

Centrifuge at [?]

A

400 RCF for 5 mins

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116
Q

Decant urine ((?) remains)

A

0.5-1 mL

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117
Q

Transfer [?] to glass slide with 22 x 22 mm coverslip

A

20 uL

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118
Q

Examine (?)

A

10 LPF and 10 HPF

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119
Q

Quantitative measure of formed elements using a hemocytometer

A

Addis Count

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120
Q

Addis Count

 Specimen

A

12 hour urine

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121
Q

Addis Count

 Preservative

A

Sodium Flouride

122
Q

Normal Values
RBCs
WBCs & ECs
Hyaline Casts

A

0 - 500,000
0 - 1,800,00
0 - 5,000

123
Q

Used for routine urinalysis

A

Bright-Field Microscopy

124
Q

Identification of cholesterol molecules in OFB, fatty casts and crystals

A

Polarizing Microscopy

125
Q

Identification of Treponema spp

A

Dark-Field Microscopy

126
Q

For fluorescent microorganisms or those stained with a fluorescent dye

A

Fluorescence Microscopy

127
Q

Delineates structure and contrasting colors of the nucleus and cytoplasm

A

SternheimerMalbin (CV + Safranin O)

128
Q

Enhances nuclear detail

A

0.5% Toluidine Blue

129
Q

Lyses RBCs and enhances nucleus of WBCs

A

2% Acetic acid

130
Q

Differentiates Gram (-) to Gram (+) bacteria

A

GS

131
Q

Stains eosinophilic granules

A

Hansel Stain

132
Q

Lipid stains components

A

ORO and Sudan III

133
Q

Distinguishes RBCs from WBCs, yeasts, oil droplets and crystals

A

2% Acetic acid

134
Q

WBCs, ECs, and casts

A

SternheimerMalbin

135
Q

Differentiates WBCs and RTE cells

A

0.5% Toluidine Blue

136
Q

Identifies free fat droplets and lipidcontaining cells & casts

A

Lipid stains

137
Q

Bacterial casts

A

GS

138
Q

Identifies hemosiderin granules in casts and cells

A

Prussian Blue

139
Q

Quantitated per LPF

A

Epithelial Cell
Mucus Thread
SEC
Per LPF

140
Q

Quantitated Per HPF

A

RBCs
WBCs
Crystals (normal)
Bacteria
TEC, yeasts
OFB
Abnormal crystals and casts

141
Q

Quantitated Per 10 HPF

A

RTE cells

142
Q

None: 0

A
143
Q

Rare: 0-5

A

Epithelial Cell

144
Q

Rare: 0-2

A

Crystals (normal)

145
Q

Rare: 0-10

A

Bacteria

146
Q

Rare: 0-1

A

Mucus Thread

147
Q

Few: 5-20

A

Epithelial Cell

148
Q

Few: 2-5

A

Crystals (normal)

149
Q

Few: 10-50

A

Bacteria

150
Q

Few: 1-3

A

Mucus Thread

151
Q

Moderate: 20-100

A

Epithelial Cell

152
Q

Moderate: 5-20

A

Crystals (normal)

153
Q

Moderate: 50-200

A

Bacteria

154
Q

Moderate: 3-10

A

Mucus Thread

155
Q

Many: >100

A

Epithelial Cell

156
Q

Many: >20

A

Crystals (normal)

157
Q

Many: >200

A

Bacteria

158
Q

Many: >10

A

Mucus Thread

159
Q

Numerical ranges: 0-2, 2-5, 5-10, >10

A

Casts

160
Q

Numerical ranges: 0-2, 2-5, 5-10, 10-25, 25-50, 50-100, >100

A

RBCs
WBCs

161
Q

Average

A

OFB

162
Q

*quantitate an average of [?].

A

10 representative fields

163
Q

Do not quantitate [?], but note their presence.

A

budding yeast, mycelia, elements, Trichomonas, or sperm

164
Q

Urinary Sediment Constituents : A. CELLS

A
  1. Red blood cells (Hematuria)
  2. White blood cells (Pyuria)
  3. Epithelial Cells
  4. Bacteria
  5. Parasites
  6. Yeasts
  7. Spermatozoa
  8. Mucus thread
165
Q

Urinary Sediment Constituents : CASTS

A

Hyaline cast
RBC cast
WBC cast
RTE cell cast
Bacterial cast
Granular casts
Fatty cast
Waxy cast
Broad cast
Pigmented cast
Mixed cellular cast
Crystal cast

166
Q

Urinary Sediment Constituents : CRYSTALS - ACID

A

Amorphous urates
CaOx
Calcium sulfate
Hippuric acid
Acid urate
Sodium urate

167
Q

Urinary Sediment Constituents : NORMAL CRYSTALS - Alkaline

A

Amorphous phosphate
Ammonium biurate
Calcium phosphate/apatite
Dicalcium phosphate
Triple phosphate
Calcium carbonate

168
Q

Urinary Sediment Constituents : ABNORMAL CRYSTALS - Acid

A

Cystine
Cholesterol crystal
Sulfonamide
Ampicillin
Leucine
Tyrosine
Bilirubin

169
Q

Urinary Sediment Constituents : ABNORMAL CRYSTALS - Acid/Neutral

A

Sulfonamide
Ampicillin
Leucine
Tyrosine

170
Q

Smooth, non-nucleated, biconcave disks-shaped sediment (7um in diameter)

A

Red blood cells

171
Q

Sources of error: Yeast, oil droplets, air bubbles, CaOx monohydrate

A

Red blood cells

172
Q

Remedy: Addition of 2% HAc to lyse RBCs

A

Red blood cells

173
Q

Clinical Significance: Glomerular membrane damage, vascular injury within GUT, glomerular bleeding, glomerulonephritis, renal calculi, malignancies, Schistosomiasis, strenuous exercise

A

Red blood cells

174
Q

predominant

A

Neutrophils

175
Q

Granulated and multilobed

A

Neutrophils

176
Q

Swells in hypotonic (dilute and alkaline) urine and granules undergo Brownian Movement (Glitter Cells) *clinically insignificant

A

Neutrophils

177
Q

Shrinks in hypertonic (acidic) urine

A

Neutrophils

178
Q

Present in small amount

A

Mononuclear cells

179
Q

An increase indicates an inflammatory response or renal transplant rejection

A

Mononuclear cells

180
Q

Clinical Significance: infection or inflammation in the GUT

A

Mononuclear cells

181
Q

Bacterial infection: cystitis, pyelonephritis, prostatitis, urethritis

A

Mononuclear cells

182
Q

Non-bacterial infection: glomerulonephritis, SLE, tumors

A

Mononuclear cells

183
Q

Largest cell (30-40 um) with abundant, irregular cytoplasm and prominent nucleus

A

Squamous epithelial cell

184
Q

Folded cell may resemble casts. Found in the linings of vagina, female urethra and lower portion of male urethra

A

Squamous epithelial cell

185
Q

o Spherical, polyhedral or caudate with centrally located nucleus

A

Transitional epithelial cell

186
Q

o From linings of renal pelvis, calyces, ureter, urinary bladder and upper portion of male urethra.

A

Transitional epithelial cell

187
Q

o Significant numbers can be seen after catheterization (single, pairs, or in clumps {syncytia})

A

Transitional epithelial cell

188
Q

Oblong or round to oval or rectangular and contain an eccentric nucleus and coarsely granulated cytoplasm

A

Renal tubular epithelial (RTE) cell

189
Q

o Lipid-containing RTE cell

A
190
Q

o Seen in lipiduria (i.e. nephrotic syndrome)

A
191
Q

Identification of RTE

A

 Lipid Stains
 Polarizing Microscope

192
Q

o RTE cell with nonlipid-filled vacuoles

A
193
Q

o Seen in acute tubular necrosis

A
194
Q

may be mistaken for WBCs

A

RTEs from the distal convoluted tubules

195
Q

Reporting of Epithelial Cells
RFMoMa

A

o Squamous (LPF)
o Transitional (HPF)

196
Q

Reporting of Epithelial Cells
Ave. number per HPF

A

o RTE Cell
o Oval Fat Bodies

197
Q

Parasites

A

Trichomonas vaginalis
Schistosoma haematobium ova
Enterobius vermicularis

198
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Pear-shaped flagellate

199
Q

 Blood fluke with terminal spine

A

Schistosoma haematobium ova

200
Q

 Causes hematuria

A

Schistosoma haematobium ova

201
Q

Small, refractile oval structures that may or may not bud

A

Yeasts

202
Q

seen in DM patients and _____________

A

Candida albicans

203
Q

 formed in the DCT and collecting ducts

A

CASTS (Cylindruria)

204
Q

Factors that favors cast formation

A
  1. Urine stasis
  2. High salt concentration
  3. Low pH
205
Q

Formation of Casts

A
  1. Aggregation and concentration of THP into fibrils that attaches to RTE cells.
  2. Interweaving of protein fibrils into a mesh-like pattern.
  3. (Possible) attachment of urinary sediments to the matrix
  4. Detachment and excretion
206
Q

Order of Cast Degeneration

A
207
Q

Pathologic: glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, CHF

A

Hyaline cast

208
Q

May be within the nephron confused with EC casts *use phase contrast or a supravital stain

A

WBC cast

209
Q

Pyelonephritis
Acute interstitial nephritis

A

WBC cast

210
Q

Advanced tubular destruction Renal tubular damage

A

RTE cell cast

211
Q

Pyelonephritis

A

6Bacterial cast cast

212
Q

Identification using Gram Staining

A

Bacterial cast cast

213
Q

Not stained by SternheimerMalbin stain

A

Fatty cast

214
Q

Identified using lipid stains and polarizing microscope

A

Fatty cast

215
Q

Neph rotic syndrome (Lipiduria)

A

Fatty cast

216
Q

Brittle, highly refractile with jagged edges

A

Waxy cast

217
Q

Stasis of urine flow

A

Waxy cast

218
Q

Indicates widening of the tubular walls

A

Broad cast

219
Q

Extrem e urine stasis

A

Broad cast

220
Q

Renal failure

A

Broad cast

221
Q

Hyaline matrix with coloration due to pigmentation incorporation

A

Pigmented cast

222
Q

Incorporated bilirubin

A

(golden brown)

223
Q

Hemoglobin or myoglobin

A

(yellow to red brown)

224
Q

Casts containing multiple cell types

A

Mixed cellular cast

225
Q

Glomerulonephritis (RBC and WBCs)

A

Mixed cellular cast

226
Q

Pyelonephritis (WBC, RTE casts or WBC and bacterial casts)

A

Mixed cellular cast

227
Q

Casts containing urates, CaOx, and sulfonamides are occasionally seen

A

Crystal cast

228
Q

Deposition of crystals in the tubule or collecting duct

A

Crystal cast

229
Q

formed by precipitation of urinary solutes (organic compounds, salts, medication, etc.)

A

URINARY CRYSTALS

230
Q

“2 pyramids joined at their bases”

A

Dihydrate

231
Q

oval or Dilute HCl; Insoluble in HAc dumbbell Calcium sulfateshaped

A

Monohydrate

232
Q

Yellowbrown/colorless elongated prisms

A

Hippuric acid

233
Q

large granules and may have spicules

A

Acid urate

234
Q

Slender prisms arranged in fan or sheaf like structures

A

Sodium urate

235
Q

Granular; white ppt

A

Amorphous phosphate

236
Q

Dilute HAc

A

Amorphous phosphate
Calcium phosphate/apatite
Triple phosphate

237
Q

Gas from HAc

A

Calcium carbonate

238
Q

insoluble by heat

A

Calcium phosphate/apatite

239
Q

Heat with HAc

A

Ammonium biurate

240
Q

Water and Ether

A

Hippuric acid

241
Q

Acetic aci d

A

Calcium sulfate

242
Q

Insoluble in HAc

A

CaOx

243
Q
  • basic calcium PO4
A

a. Hydroxyapatite

244
Q
  • calcium hydrogen PO4
A

b. Brushite

245
Q

Long slender prisms with one end pointed; found in clusters

A

Dicalcium phosphate

246
Q

Presence of ureasplitting bacteria

A

Ammonium biurate
Triple phosphate

247
Q

Small, colorless, dumbbell-shaped.

A

Calcium carbonate

248
Q

Formation of gas (effervescence) after the addition of acetic acid

A

Calcium carbonate

249
Q

Colorless, hexagonal plates (Piattos)

A

Cystine

250
Q

Dilute HCl and Ammonia

A

Cystine

251
Q

colorless to yellow needles

A

Tyrosine

252
Q

soluble in HAc, while sulfonamide is positive with Lignin and Diazo rxn

A

Sulfonamide

253
Q

Solubility: Acetone

A

Sulfonamide

254
Q

Solubility: Refrigeration = bundles

A

Ampicillin

255
Q
  1. volume of sediment after decantation
A
256
Q
  1. volume of sediment for microscopic examination
A
257
Q
  1. produces a 3-D image by differential contrast
A
258
Q
  1. two components of Hansel stain
A
259
Q
  1. most significant epithelial cell
A
260
Q
  1. reporting of #5
A
261
Q
  1. quantity of #5 considered as significant
A
262
Q
  1. condition indicated by #7
A
263
Q
  1. RBCs in hypotonic are known as _____
A
264
Q
  1. WBCs with sparkling appearance
A
265
Q
  1. What type of WBC is #10?
A
266
Q
  1. most frequently seen parasite in urine
A
267
Q
  1. When does the presence of spermatozoa in urine reported?
A
268
Q
  1. more common form of calcium oxalate
A
269
Q
  1. color of amorphous urates in fresh urine
A
270
Q
  1. compounds that precipitate in acidic urine forming crystals
A
271
Q
  1. stain used for the identification of eosinophils
A
272
Q
  1. stains used to confirm the presence of oval fat bodies
A
273
Q
  1. parasite considered as most common fecal contaminant
A
274
Q
  1. primary factor affecting in vitro crystallization
A
275
Q
  1. metabolic disorder associated with uric acid crystals
A
276
Q
  1. percentage of mononuclear cells implicated in chronic inflammation
A
277
Q
  1. bubble cell is originally what specific cell
A
278
Q
  1. primary factor affecting in vivo crystallization
A
279
Q
  1. sediment that may accompany S. haematobium
A
280
Q

POINTS to PONDER…..
A 2-year-old left unattended in the garage for 5 minutes is suspected of ingesting antifreeze. What type of crystal would you expect to be present? What urine pH correlates with this crystal?

A
281
Q

of urinary sediment is the third part of routine urinalysis, after physical and chemical examination.

A

Microscopic examination

282
Q

The purpose is to detect and to identify [?] present in the urine.

A

insoluble materials

283
Q

Since some urinary sediments are of no clinical significance and others are considered normal unless they are present in increased amounts, examination of the urinary sediment must include both [?] of the elements present.

A

identification and quantitation

284
Q

Take note of the following under the LPO:

A
285
Q

Shift to HPO and take note of the presence of the following:

A
286
Q

Microscopic Quantitation:
Epithelial cells/LPF
Crystals/HPF
Bacteria/HPF
RBCs/HPF
WBCs/HPF
Casts/LPF
Mucous threads

A
287
Q

Do not quantitate [?], but do note their presence based on laboratory practice.

A

budding yeasts, mycelial elements, trichomonas or sperms

288
Q

Heat and alkali flui

A

Amorphous urates

289
Q

Dilute HCl; Insoluble in HAc

A

CaOx

290
Q

Acetic acid

A

Calcium sulfate

291
Q

Water and ether

A

Hippuric acid

292
Q

Dilute HAc

A

Amorphous phosphate
Triple phosphate

293
Q

Heat with HAc

A

Ammonium biurate

294
Q

Dilute HAc; Insoluble by heat

A

Calcium phosphate/apatite

295
Q

Gas from HAc

A

Calcium carbonate

296
Q

Seen in old specimens

A

Ammonium biurate

297
Q

Colorless, hexagonal plates (piattos)

A

Cystine

298
Q

Cyanide-nitropruside test
Sulivan test

A

Cystine

299
Q

Colorless to yellow-brown needles

A

Sulfonamide

300
Q

Overdose of penicillin drugs

A

Ampicillin

301
Q

Oily-looking spheres with concentric circles and radial striations

A

Leucine

ANURBF LEC (9 decks)

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