(4) Food and digestion

Question 1

What is a diet?

Answer 1

The food we eat.

Question 2

What are the food substances that we need?

Answer 2

1) Carbs
2) Lipids
3) Proteins
4) Minerals
5) Vitamins
6) Dietary fiber

Question 3

What elements make up glucose?

Answer 3

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 4

What elements make up lipids?

Answer 4

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (but there is much less oxygen)

Question 5

What elements make up protiens?

Answer 5

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen

Question 6

What is a deficiency disease?

Answer 6

A disease caused by lack of vitamins and minerals.

Question 7

What is digestion?

Answer 7

It is the process of breaking down larger food molecules into smaller ones so we can absorb their contents.

Question 8

What is peristalsis?

Answer 8

It is the movement of the gut that pushes food along it.

Question 9

How does the mouth, stomach and duodenum break down food?

Answer 9

By using enzymes that made in the wall of the gut or by the pancreas.

Question 10

What enzymes does the stomach make?

Answer 10

Pepsin

Question 11

What enzymes does the pancreas make?

Answer 11

• Lipase
• Protease
• Amylase

Question 12

Where does digestion in the duodenum continue to?

Answer 12

To the ileum, after which the digested food is absorbed.

Question 13

What does the large intestine do?

Answer 13

It absorbs the water out of the remains and stores faeces.

Question 14

What does amylase do?

Answer 14

It breaks down starch to maltose.

Question 15

What does maltase do?

Answer 15

It breaks down maltose to glucose.

Question 16

Where is maltase produced?

Answer 16

The wall of the small intestine.

Question 17

What does pepsin do?

Answer 17

It breaks down proteins into peptides.

Question 18

What does trypsin do?

Answer 18

It breaks down proteins into peptides.

Question 19

What does peptidases do?

Answer 19

It breaks down peptides into amino acids.

Question 20

What does lipase do?

Answer 20

It breaks down lipids into glycerol and fatty acids.

Question 21

Where is bile produced and stored in?

Answer 21

It is produced in the liver and is stored in the gall bladder.

Question 22

What does bile do?

Answer 22

It emulsifies fats into tiny droplets of fat.

Question 23

What are villi?

Answer 23

Tiny projections from the lining of the ileum that increase the surface area of the ileum dramatically.

Question 24

What are microvilli?

Answer 24

They are tiny projections from the villi that further increase the surface area.

Question 25

What is lacteal?

Answer 25

It is a tube in the middle of the villus that contains the products of fat digestion.

Question 26

How do villi absorb substances?

Answer 26

Active transport.

Question 27

What do the blood vessels from the ileum form?

Answer 27

The hepatic portal vein, which leads to the liver.

Question 28

What do waste materials in the large intestine contain?

Answer 28

Cellulose, water, dead and living bacteria and cells lost in the lining of the gut.

Question 29

What does the colon do?

Answer 29

It absorbs most of the remaining water from the contents.

Question 30

I added this so it wouldn’t be 29 cards

Answer 30

yes