4 - Diabetes Mellitus (fast deck)

Question 1

High blood sugar symptoms

Answer 1

Increased thirst, increase urination, ketones in urine, aching/weak, heavy breathing, nausea, vomiting, and fatigue.

Question 2

Low blood sugar symptoms

Answer 2

Cold sweats, headache, trembling, pounding heart, sleepiness, personality changes, and excessive hunger.

Question 3

Glucagon causes blood sugar to rise, in contrast with…

Answer 3

insulin, that causes blood sugar to drop.

Question 4

Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

Answer 4

An absolute deficiency of insulin secretion.

Question 5

What percent of diabetes cases is made up by insulin dependent diabetes mellitus?

Answer 5

5% to 10%

Question 6

Is insulin dependent diabetes mellitus related to diet?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

What percent of diabetes cases is made up by type 2 diabetes?

Answer 7

90% to 95%

Question 8

Type 2 diabetes begins with ___ that is often detected prior to the onset of DM.

Answer 8

insulin resistance

Question 9

Modifiable risk factors of diabetes

Answer 9

Weight, activity level, cholesterol level, and high blood pressure.

Question 10

Non-modifiable risk factors of diabetes

Answer 10

45+ years, close relatives with diabetes, other medical conditions, high-risk ethnic backgrounds, and gestational diabetes.

Question 11

What tissues and organs fail to respond to insulin when a person has insulin resistance?

Answer 11

Muscles, liver and adipose tissue.

Question 12

Pancreatitis

Answer 12

inflammation of the pancrease

Question 13

Second diabetes can be caused by what type of surgery?

Answer 13

Removal of the pancreas.

Question 14

What type of tumors can cause secondary diabetes?

Answer 14

Pancreatic cancer.

Question 15

Hemochromatosis

Answer 15

Iron build-up

Question 16

Nephropathy

Answer 16

Kidney damage

Question 17

Neuropathy

Answer 17

Nerve damage

Question 18

Retinopathy

Answer 18

Retinal damage

Question 19

Atherosclerosis

Answer 19

Inflammation or injury of endothelial tissue

Question 20

Where do almost half of all people with diabetes live?

Answer 20

China, India and the USA.

Question 21

Prevalence of diabetes in BC.

Answer 21

5.2%

Question 22

Incident cases of diabetes in BC per year.

Answer 22

20,000 cases

Question 23

Direct costs of diabetes to individuals and their families

Answer 23

Medical care, drugs, insulin, and supplies.

Question 24

Direct costs of diabetes to the healthcare sector…

Answer 24

hospitalization costs, CVD-related hospital costs, and GP costs.

Question 25

What does “mortality costs” refer to?

Answer 25

Premature death.

Question 26

What does “long-term disability costs” refer to?

Answer 26

Absence from work, disability, premature retirement, and loss of earnings.

Question 27

The direct cost of diabetes now accounts for __% of public healthcare spending in Canada.

Answer 27

3.5%