4. Color Theory

Question 1

Micropigmentation is part science and part ____.

Answer 1

art

Question 2

The name of a color.

Answer 2

hue

Question 3

The brightness of a color.

Answer 3

value

Question 4

The intensity of a color.

Answer 4

saturation

Question 5

Colors that cannot be created by mixing other colors.

Answer 5

primary colors

Red, blue, and yellow. These are the “anchors” of the color wheel.

Question 6

Colors created by mixing two primary colors.

Answer 6

secondary colors

Orange, green, and violet. These colors are located between their primary components on the color wheel and opposite the primary color they do not include.

Question 7

Colors created by mixing a primary color with a secondary color.

Answer 7

tertiary colors

Yellow-orange, red-orange, red-violet, blue-violet, blue-green, yellow-green.

Question 8

Colors that are opposite each other on the color wheel.

Answer 8

complementary colors

Every primary and secondary color as a complementary color.

Question 9

Mixing two ____ will create brown.

Answer 9

complementary colors

Question 10

In micropigmentation, complementary colors are used to ____ each other.

Answer 10

neutralize

Question 11

___ is the warmest primary color.

Answer 11

red

Adding red to a color makes it warmer, and colors that are close to red on the color wheel are warm.

Question 12

____ is the coolest primary color.

Answer 12

blue

Adding blue to a color makes it cooler, and colors that are close to blue on the color wheel are cool.

Question 13

____ is generally considered a warm color, but it has both cool and warm properties.

Answer 13

yellow

Question 14

Having spots or patches of different colors.

Answer 14

variegated

Question 15

All skin has ____ of colors such as yellow, red, and even blue, providing either a warm or cool complexion.

Answer 15

undertones

Question 16

Sallow, peaches and cream, rosy, and some olive complexions are considered ____.

Answer 16

warm

Question 17

Transparent, translucent, and some olive complexions are considered ____.

Answer 17

cool

Question 18

Sallow complexions have ____ undertones.

Answer 18

yellow

Question 19

Peaches and cream complexions have ____, ____, or ____ undertones.

Answer 19

yellow-orange, orange, red-orange

Question 20

Rosy complexions have ____ undertones.

Answer 20

red

Question 21

Warm olive complexions may have ____ or ____ undertones.

Answer 21

yellow-green, green

Question 22

Transparent complexions may have ____, ____, or ____ undertones.

Answer 22

red-violet, violet, blue-violet

Question 23

Translucent complexions may have ____ undertones.

Answer 23

blue

Question 24

Cool olive complexions may have ____ undertones.

Answer 24

blue-green

Question 25

Assessing skin tones should be done in ____ light.

Answer 25

natural

Either in front of a window or under artificial lights designed to imitate natural light. Never under fluorescent or halogen light.

Question 26

Examining the client’s skin for warm or cool undertones should be done on makeup free skin without the distraction of ____ or ____.

Answer 26

hair, clothing

Question 27

Can be partially seen through, such as sheer fabric, but not colorless.

Answer 27

translucent

Question 28

Pigment + ____ = final color

Answer 28

client’s skin tone

Question 29

Movement of pigment molecules away from the original application area.

Answer 29

migration

Question 30

Cannot be seen through.

Answer 30

opaque

Question 31

Can be completely seen through.

Answer 31

transparent

Question 32

Always buy your pigments from a reputable manufacturer. Pigments should come in tamper-proof packaging and should be marked with ____.

Answer 32

an expiration date

Question 33

What are three important rules for mixing colors?

Answer 33

1. Do not mix different brands
2. Always note the exact formula used in your documentation
3. Never add white

Question 34

Adding black to a pigment will darken it, but it will also affect the ___, making a grayed/muddied color instead of a clear darker color.

Answer 34

hue

Question 35

The strongest hue.

Answer 35

blue

Question 36

The weakest hue.

Answer 36

yellow

Question 37

What are two tricks for determining if a pigment color is warm or cool?

Answer 37

• water the pigment down (in a glass or on paper) to see the undertones
• mix the pigment with a primary color — if it turns muddy/brown/grayish you know you’ve added a complementary color and can determine where it falls on the color wheel

Question 38

Use a complementary color to ____ or “cancel out” the client’s skin tone to reach the final desired hue.

Answer 38

neutralize

Question 39

Use caution when trying to neutralize warm tones in a client’s lips as most lips have ____ tones even if the client’s complexion is warm.

Answer 39

cool

Question 40

When layering transparent and translucent colors, start with the ____ color first.

Answer 40

darker

Question 41

Opaque pigment must be used carefully because they do not ____.

Answer 41

blend into the skin

Question 42

White pigment is especially hard to remove and can turn ____ when exposed to lasers.

Answer 42

black

Question 43

Spreading of the pigment beyond the original application area.

Answer 43

migration

Question 44

The main ways to maximize pigment retention are proper ____ and ____.

Answer 44

application and after-care

Question 45

Pigment colors that fade the fastest.

Answer 45

yellows and oranges

Question 46

Pigment colors that last the longest.

Answer 46

black and blue

Question 47

What are three things that speed pigment fading or can alter the appearance?

Answer 47

• sunlight
• acids
• lasers