3. Theory and Application of Micropigmentation Flashcards
Evidence of decorative tattooing has been found as early as _____.
8000 BC
Methods of primitive tattooing
- Piercing skin with a needle made of bone
- Pushing in pigment with the sharp edges of a shell
- Drawing a pigment-soaked thread through the skin
- Needle fastened to a bamboo stick and tapped on the skin (still used)
The earliest pigments included _____ and _____.
soot; carbon
India ink became popular in more modern times.
Early tattoos were used as ____, _____, and _____.
ornaments; status symbols; punishment
The earliest use of tattooing to restore a natural appearance rather than adding decoration was in the ____ when a doctor reported using tattoos to _____.
1850s; disguise lesions
Tattooing of corneas to cover scars was done in the ____.
1870s
By the _____, tattoos were being used to correct scarred lips.
1920s
In the ____, lash enhancement techniques were being used on people with had lost their eyelashes.
1960s
Cosmetic tattooing was used to enhance, rather than restore, appearance as early as the ____.
1920s
Since the ____, the permanent cosmetics industry has grown dramatically with new technicians entering the field every year.
1920s
Hair loss
alopecia
A skin disorder characterized by patches of unpigmented skin
vitiligo
Micropigmentation can benefit anyone who:
- Has difficulty putting on makeup
- Is allergic to topical cosmetics
- Wants to save time
- Reapplies makeup during the day
- Likes to swim/exercise or do other activities that affect topical cosmetics
- Wants to enhance their appearance without wearing makeup
- Enjoys looking their best at all times with minimum effort
Many clients seek permanent makeup services to restore a normal appearance, such as those who have:
- eyebrow loss due to aging, scarring, or disease
- areas of vitiligo
- areolas damaged by scarring or removal by surgery
Possible drawbacks of micropigmentation procedures:
- risk of infection
- removal is difficult or impossible
- pigments may fade to an undesired color
- may experience temporary discomfort during an MRI procedure
- must avoid laser procedure on/near the pigmented areas
Face shape that is balanced and approximately the width of five of the client’s eyes; considered the ideal face shape.
oval
Face shape that is narrow and long, often with hollow cheeks.
oblong
Face shape that is narrow at the forehead and wide at the jawline and chin.
pear
Face shape that is narrow at the forehead and chin, and wide across the cheek.
diamond
Face shape that is wide at the forehead and gradually narrows to the chin, often with a widow’s peak hairline.
heart
Face shape that is curved at the hairline and the chin.
round
Face shape that is characterized by a straight hairline and jawline.
square
The goal in permanent makeup is not to make the client’s features appear perfectly _____, but to enhance their _____ while detracting from anything they’re unhappy with.
symmetrical; good features
On the “ideal” face, brows are _____ apart.
one eye-width
Brows farther apart are considered widely space, while brows closer together are considered closely spaced.
Drawing a map/outline/plan as the first step in your procedure will allow the client to visualize the work, but also keep you on track once you begin because _____.
the shape of the skin can be distorted when the client changes position, or when topical numbing is applied to the skin.
List some of the tools and (reusable) equipment used for micropigmentation
- tattoo machine
- PPE/safety equipment
- sterilization equipment
- chair and table
- lighting
- scrubs
- trays and containers
List some of the supplies (consumables) used for micropigmentation
- needles
- pigments and cups
- anesthetics
- pre/post-care supplies
- PPE
- eye wash
- markers/pencils/string
- cleaning and sanitation supplies
- drapes/covers/barrier film
- other
Micropigmentologists, unless licensed in the medical field, are limited to the use of _____ for client pain management.
topical anesthetics (non-prescription)
You may only use anesthetics you can legally purchase over-the-counter in the US. You may not use products obtained in other countries. You may not use your own personal prescription products on anyone else.
Why must you never instruct clients to use a certain medication?
Doing so is too close to practicing medicine.
You may give suggestions, but never “prescribe” or instruct them to discontinue use of a prescription medication without consulting their doctor. If necessary, refer clients to a physician for medication advice.
The most commonly used topicals are _____, _____, and _____.
benzocaine, lidocaine, and tetracaine
When using topicals, apply a _____ amount of cream and occlude for _____.
small; 30 minutes
The fastest-acting topicals generally have the ____ effect, and the longest-acting ones do not take effect ____.
shortest; immediately
Many topical mixtures combine a fast-acting anesthetic such as ____ with a long-lasting anesthetic such as ____.
benzocaine; tetracaine
The hormone ____ has no anesthetic properties, but is often added to topicals to increase the ____ of pain relief.
Epinephrine; strength and duration
Epinephrine added to topical anesthetics can help reduce ____, ____, and ____.
swelling, bleeding, and bruising.
Some topicals can anesthetize unbroken skin and are meant to be used ____, while others cannot penetrate the ____.
before a procedure; epidermis.
Topicals meant to be used on ____ may be applied after the first pass or may be added to ____, though careful mixing is required.
broken skin; the pigment itself.