4: Brain Localisation Flashcards
Where did Aristotle consider the seat of consciousness to be?
The heart
Why didn’t Aristotle think the brain was the seat of consciousness?
It’s not sensative to external stimulation
Why did the printing press change how people viewed studies of anatomy?
It meant pervious works such as those by Galen were more sidely avaliable and subject to criticism
How did Vesalius challenge Galen’s account of anatomy in the 1500s?
He argued that the nerve is a mode of transmitting sensation and motion
What was the Murder Act of 1752 and what did it cause?
Made it legal to disect murderers
There weren’t enough bodies so grave robbing became popular
Who came up with the idea of phrenology?
Gall
What is phrenology?
Judgements can be made about a person’s personality by their headshape
What are the main assuptions of phrenology?
The skull reflects the underlying shape of the brain
Areas of the brain are linked with the traits Gall suggested
Contradicting evidence can be explained by counterbalancing from other organs
What part of the brain did Gall discover?
The cerebrum
How did Flourens discredit phrenology?
Removed small parts of animals brains and observed the effects
Found that unrelated parts of the brain can take over functions from damaged parts
What are the two areas of the brain important for language?
Broca’s area
Wernicke’s area
Which part of the brain is responsible for the formation of language?
Broca’s area
What is Broca’s area responsible for?
The formation of language
What part of the brain is responsible for understanding speech?
Wernicke’s area
What is Wernicke’s area responsible for?
Understanding speech
