4. ATOMIC AND ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE (PART 2) Flashcards
1
Q
- What is Quantum Mechanics?
A
- it is a branch of science that deals with matter on the sub-microscopic level
Sub-Microscopic= atomic
2
Q
- What does Quantum Mechanics give us?
A
- it gives us an accurate description of how atoms and molecules behave
- it can also give an accurate description of how electrons in an atom behave and how they are are arranged around the nucleus
3
Q
- What are electrons responsible for?
A
- the chemical properties of an element
4
Q
- What is the Quantum Mechanical Picture?
A
- it is a statistical theory
5
Q
- Which space do electrons occupy?
A
- the space around the nucleus
- this space resembles orbits (like how the moon orbits around the Earth)
6
Q
- What Theory must be applied to determine the true picture?
A
- the Quantum Theory
7
Q
- In which forms can electrons be perceived as?
A
- waves
- particles
- this is determined by the observer and the tests run by the observer
8
Q
- Which equation is this?
What does it solve for?
A
- the Schrodinger Equation
- also known as the wave equation
- it solves for the motion of the electron
9
Q
- What is the explicit form of the Schrodinger Equation?
A
10
Q
- What kind of energy does this part of the equation represent?
A
- Kinetic Energy
11
Q
- What kind of energy does this part of the equation represent?
A
- Potential Energy
12
Q
- Label the following parts of the equation?
12.1: Pink Part
12.2: Blue Part
12.3: Yellow Part
A
12.1: The Hamiltonian
12.2: Energies of the system
12.3: Wave Functions
13
Q
- What is the Hamiltonian Operator?
A
- it is the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of the system
- the system is the atom and specifically the electrons distribution in the atom
14
Q
- What are the Energies of the system (E)?
A
- when looking at the electron distribution in the atom, the E are the energies of the individual orbitals
- Orbitals are the homes of the electrons
15
Q
- What are the Wave Functions
A
- they are functions that contain all the possible information of the system
- the square of the wave function gives the probability of finding the electron in a specific region of space around the nucleus
- this corresponds with the shape of the specific orbital