4. Adaptive Immune Response (Chapter 15) Flashcards
name three components of the humoral response
B cells, plasma cells, BCRs
what are B cells?
a type of lymphocyte that makes antibodies
what’s the difference between cell-mediated immunity and humoral immunity?
CMI: deals with invaders residing within a “self” cell, one of the body’s own cells
Humoral: eliminates microbial invaders and toxins that are not within a self cell, in other words, in blood or tissue fluids
where do B cells mature in general? more specifically?
primary lymphoid organs. bone marrow
where do T cells mature in general? more specifically?
primary lymphoid organs. thymus
name the primary lymphoid organs.
function of the primary lymphoid organs?
bone marrow and thymus.
lymphocytes develop here.
what is a lymphocyte?
white blood cells involved in adaptive immunity
ex. B cells and T cells
what are plasma cells? (2)
effector form of a B cell; antibody-secreting factory
what are BCRs?
B-cell receptor.
molecule on a B cell that enables the B cell to recognize a specific antigen.
what cool fact did you learn about BCRs while making these flash cards?
BCR is a membrane-bound derivative of the antibody that the B cell is programmed to make
what does CMI rely on?
T lymphocytes aka T cells!
what are cytotoxic T cells programmed to do?
programmed to destroy infected/cancerous “self” cells
what are helper T cells programmed to do?
programmed to activate B cells, macrophages, and assist other parts of the adaptive immune response
what is a CD marker?
surface molecules that guide the binding of antigen to TCR (T cell receptors)
what is a TCR?
what do they do?
T cell receptor
enable T cells to recognize a specific antigen
- what is a Tc cell?
- what’s another name for it?
- what does it do? and what mechanism does it use to do it?
effector form of a cytotoxic T cell.
also called CTL (cytotoxic T lymphocyte)
induce apoptosis in infected/cancerous cells
what is a Th cell?
what does it do?
effector form of a helper T cell
activate B cells and macrophages, releases cytokines that stimulate other parts of the immune system
list some secondary lymphoid organs
lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, appendix, adenoids
what is the job of the lymphatic system?
bring the population of B cells and T cells into contact with antigens
what is an antigen?
molecule that reacts with an antibody or an antigen receptor on a lymphocyte
what is an epitope?
a section/region of an antigen that gets recognized by antibodies and antigen receptors
what is humoral immunity based on?
B cells secreting antibodies
name the outcomes of antibody-antigen binding
NOCCIA = NOKIA
1. neutralization
2. opsonization
3. complement system activation
4. cross-linking
5. immobilization and prevention of adherence
6. ADCC
