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D1 Spring - Occlusion & Fixed Pros. > 4/17: Determinants of Occlusal Morphology II > Flashcards

4/17: Determinants of Occlusal Morphology II Flashcards

1
Q

What do horizontal forces influence?

A

The direction of the ridges an grooves on the occlusal surfaces, and also the placement of the cusps

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2
Q

What does it mean that the mandible moves medially?

A

Right mediotrusion means that the right condyle moves medially (same as left lateral movement)

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3
Q

What is the non working pathway called?

A

Mediotrusive pathways

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4
Q

What does it mean that the mandible moves laterally?

A

Right laterotrusion means that the right condyle moves laterally (same as right lateral movement)
- right lateral, mediotrusion left
A: non-working pathway or mediotrusive pathway

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5
Q

What are the working pathways also called?

A

Laterotrusive pathways

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6
Q

What are horizontal factors?

A
  • distance from the rotating condyle
  • distance form the midsagital plane
  • amount of mandibular lateral translation
  • intercondylar width
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7
Q

Horizontal factors are the effect of distance of the tooth from the ________ and ___________

A

Rotating condyle; midsagittal plane

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8
Q

Horzontal movements are the effect of what three things?

A
  1. Effect of distance of the tooth from the
    - rotating condyle
    - midsagittal plane
  2. Effect of mandibular lateral translation movement
  3. Effect of intercondylar distance
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9
Q

The greater the distance of the tooth from the rotating condyle, the _______ the angle formed by the working and non working pathways

A

Wider
- same in the mandible and maxilla

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10
Q

Most of the times teeth that are closer to the midsagittal plane will be at ___________ distance from the rotating condyle

A

Greater

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11
Q

What do teeth that are positioned more anteriorly in the jaw (premolars) tend to have?

A

Greater angles between mediotrusive and laterotrusive pathways compared to teeth that are positioned more posteriorly (i.e., molars)

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12
Q

What does the angle formed by the working and non working pathways increase?

A

The amount of lateral translation increases
- the direction of the lateral translation also influences the angle
- same in the mandible and maxilla

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13
Q

The angle formed by the working and non working pathways _________ as the intercondylar distance ___________

A

Decreases; increases

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14
Q

Describe composite movements in a cusp fossa relationship

A
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15
Q

What is another term for working interfering contact?

A

Laterotrusive contacts

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16
Q

What is another term for non working interfering contact?

A

Mediotrusive contacts

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17
Q

What are three components of the masticatory system?

A

Mastication
Swallowing
Speech

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18
Q

What is mastication?

A

Initial stage of digestion

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19
Q

What is control of the central pattern generator?

A

Rhythmic separation and closure of the teeth
- autonomic/involuntary- can be controlled voluntarily

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20
Q

What is the chewing stroke?

A

Single cycle of opening and closing

21
Q

What shape is the chewing stroke?

A

Tear shaped pattern (frontal)

22
Q

What are the phases of the chewing stroke?

A

Opening phase
Closing phase
- crushing phase
- grinding phase

23
Q

Where does the chewing stroke begin and end?

A

At MIP

24
Q

What creates more vertical chewing stroke?

A

Taller cusps
Depper fossae

25
Q

Most people have a preferred ___________

A

Chewing stroke

26
Q

What occurs during mastication?

A

Tooth contacts

27
Q

What is increased as food is broken down?

A

Increased frequency of contacts
- gliding contact (cuspal inclines)
- single contacts (MIP contacts)

28
Q

What is the average length of time of contact?

A

194 MSEC

29
Q

How do forces vary in maximal biting forces?

A

Male > female
Skeletal relationships and occlusion
Race (eskimos)
Anterior or posterior tooth
mastication or swallowing

30
Q

What is the average max biting force?

A

80 to 150lbs (greatest was 975 lbs)

31
Q

When is forces least?

A

For chewing (36% of max biting)

32
Q

What is the biting force of dentures?

A

1/4 that of natural teeth

33
Q

What is the definition of swallowing?

A

Series of coordinated muscular contractions that move a bolus of food from th eoral cavity through the esophagus to the stomach

34
Q

What kind of muscle activity is swallowing?

A

Voluntary/involuntary reflex
- somtaic/visceral swallow

35
Q

During swallowing, what is the mandible stabilized by?

A

Tooth contacts (MIP)

36
Q

How long is tooth contact during swallowing?

A

683 msec

37
Q

Lower levels of muscle activity if _____ and ____ are coincident

A

MIP; CR

38
Q

How many times per day do we swallow?

A

Up to 700 times

39
Q

What is the first stage of swallowing?

A
  • voluntary control
  • bolus of food is created
  • lips are sealed
  • tip rests against hard palate behind incisors
  • teeth contact in MIP
  • reflex reaction in tongue pushes food posteriorly into pharynx
40
Q

What is the second stage of swallowing?

A
  • food bolus in pharynx
  • contraction of pharyngeal constrictor muscles move food to esophagus (peristalsis)
  • soft palate rises and seals off the nasal passages (nasopharynx)
  • epiglottis seals off trachea
41
Q

What is the velopharyngeal seal?

A

Soft palate rises and seals off the nasal passages (nasopharynx)

42
Q

What is the third stage of swallowing?

A
  • peristaltic waves move food into the stomach (6-7 seconds)
  • cardiac sphincter relaxes and food enters stomach
43
Q

What is speech?

A

Controlled contraction and relaxation of the vocal cords as air is moved through the larynx

44
Q

When does speech occur?

A

During expiration

45
Q

Do the teeth contact during speech?

A

NO

46
Q

Since the teeth don’t contact during speech, what can help determine?

A

A patients correct occlusal vertical dimension

47
Q

Where are the centric occlusion contacts?

A
48
Q

Where are the canine guidance contacts?

A
49
Q

Where are the group function contacts?

A

D1 Spring - Occlusion & Fixed Pros. (17 decks)

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