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D1 Spring - Occlusion & Fixed Pros. > 2/14: Mechanics of Mandibular Movement > Flashcards

2/14: Mechanics of Mandibular Movement Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 anatomic determinants of anatomic movement?

A
  1. Right TMJ
  2. Left TMJ
  3. Teeth/occlusion
  4. Neuromusculature
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2
Q

What are the two types of movements within the TMJ?

A
  1. Rotational movement
  2. Translation movement
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3
Q

Where does rotational movement occur?

A

In the inferior joint compartment

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4
Q

Where does translation movement occur?

A

In the superior joint compartment

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5
Q

What is rotation?

A

Process of turning about an axis

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6
Q

When does rotation occur?

A

When the mouth opens and closes around a fixed point or axis within the condyles

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7
Q

What compartment does rotation occur within?

A

The inferior joint compartment

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8
Q

How do the condyles move during rotation?

A

Condyle rotates on the inferior aspect of the articular disk

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9
Q

Rotation occurs for the first ________mm of opening

A

20-25

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10
Q

What occurs when it further opens?

A

Translation occurs

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11
Q

What planes can rotational movements occur?

A

In all three reference planes in the mandible
1. Rotation in the Sagittal plane around a horizontal axis
2. Rotation in the Horizontal plane around a vertical (frontal) axis
3. Rotation in the Frontal plane around a sagittal axis

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12
Q

What is the rotation like around a horizontal center with a sagittal plane?

A
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13
Q

What is the rotation like around a vertical center of rotation with a horizontal plane?

A
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14
Q

What is the rotation like around a sagittal center of rotation with a vertical plane?

A
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15
Q

What is the horizontal axis that passes through both R and L condyles called?

A

– Terminal hinge axis
– Transverse hinge axis
– Horizontal hinge axis

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16
Q

What movement is clinically identifiable and recordable?

A

Rotation in the sagittal plane around a horizontal axis

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17
Q

What is the only rotational movement that can be isolated clincially?

A

Rotation in the sagittal plane around a horizontal axis

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18
Q

When does Rotation in the sagittal plane around a horizontal axis only occur?

A

When the mandible is in CR

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19
Q

What is frontal axis of rotation?

A

Rotation in the horizontal plane around a frontal (vertical) axis

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20
Q

When does frontal axis of rotation occur?

A
  • During lateral movement
  • frontal axis is in the working side condyle
21
Q

How does the non-worknig side condyle move in frontal axis of rotation?

A

Medially (and forward) in the horizontal plane orbiting around this frontal axis

22
Q

What is sagittal axis of rotation?

A

Rotation in the vertical plane around a sagittal center of rotation

23
Q

When does sagittal axis of rotation occur?

A
  • During lateral movement
  • sagittal axis is in the working side condyle
24
Q

How does the non-working side condyle move in sagittal axis of rotation?

A

Inferiorly in the frontal plane around the sagittal axis

25
Q

What is the rotational center of the condyle?

A

Where all three axes (horizontal, vertical, and sagittal) meet

26
Q

What is translation?

A

Every point in an object (mandible) simultaneously moving in the same direction with the same velocity

27
Q

When does translation occur?

A
  1. Depression of the mandible (beyond 25 mm), and
    in Protrusion (both condyles translate)
  2. In lateral movement:
    non-working condyle: moves Downwards,
    Forwards, and Medially
  3. In lateral movement (Lateral Translation of the
    mandible): working side condyle may shift
    laterally
28
Q

What is bodily lateral movement of the working side condyle called?

A

Bennett movement

29
Q

What is the working side condyle?

A

During a lateral movement, this is the condyle on the side towards which the mandible moves

30
Q

What is the working side condyle AKA?

A

Rotating condyle

31
Q

What is the non-working condyle?

A

condyle on the side opposite to which the mandible moves

32
Q

What is the non-working condyle AKA?

A

Orbital condyle

33
Q

Where does the working side condyle rotate in lateral movement of the mandible?

A

Around a vertical axis

34
Q

Where does the non-working side condyle rotate in lateral movement of the mandible?

A

Downwards, forwards, and medially through a series of rotations

35
Q

What is condylar angle defines as?

A

Angle at which the condyle moves away from a horizontal reference plane

36
Q

Can a condylar angle be recorded (estimated) on a patient?

A

Yes

37
Q

How can a condylar angle be recorded via?

A

A protrusive movement or via lateral movements

38
Q

What is the angle influenced by in protrusive movement?

A

Posterior slope of the articular eminence (the angle the posterior slope of the articular eminence varies among individuals)

39
Q

What is the condylar angle measured via?

A

Lateral movement

40
Q

What is the condylar angle influenced by?

A

The steepness of the medial wall of the articular fossa (non-working side)

41
Q

Where does the non-working side condyle move in lateral movement?

A
  • Downards, forwards, and medially
  • over the steeper medial wall of the articular fossa
42
Q

Can the condylar angle be recorded in lateral movement?

A

Yes
- usually slightly steeper than when recorded in protrusion

43
Q

What is fischer’s angle?

A

The angle formed by the intersection of the protrusive and non-working condylar paths as viewed in the sagittal plane

44
Q

What is fischer’s angle a difference between?

A

The condylar angle recorded with a protrusive and lateral record

45
Q

What is the medial wall of articular fossa like in fischer’s angle?

A

Medial wall is generally steeper than the posterior slope of the articular eminence

46
Q

What are the degrees of fischer’s agle?

A

5-10 degrees

47
Q

What is Bennett angle?

A

The angle at which the NWS condyle moves medially away from a sagittal reference plane as viewed in the horizontal plane during a lateral movement

48
Q

What is lateral translation?

A

Bodily movement of the mandible during lateral excursive movement (bennett movement)
- sometimes theworking side condyle doesn’t simply rotate but also shifts laterally during the lateral movement

49
Q

Describe the condyles during protrusion

A
  • both condyles translate
  • condyles move forwards and downwards
  • condyles move down the posterior slope of the articular eminence
  • condylar guidance angle can be calculated from this movement

D1 Spring - Occlusion & Fixed Pros. (17 decks)

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