4

Question 1

Pelagic organisms

Answer 1

Living in the water column.

Question 2

Drifters

Answer 2

Plankton
Phytoplankton (single called algae)
Zooplankton (small animals)

Holoplankton - permanent members
Meroplankton - temporary members (larvae)

Nekton - swimmers eg fish, whale, penguins

Question 3

Benthos

Answer 3

Benthic organisms

Plants and algae:
Macrophytes - multicellular plants or algae
Periphyton - single called or filamentous algae
Epiphytic algae - grow on macrophytes

Question 4

Epifauna

Answer 4

Lives on the bottom.

Question 5

Infauna

Answer 5

Burrowed in the bottom.

Question 6

Benthic organism grouping in shallow water

Answer 6

Megafauna >20 mm
Macrofauna >0,5-20 mm
Meiofauna 62 qm-0,5 mm
Nanobenthos (microflora/-fauna) <62 qm

Question 7

Neuston

Answer 7

Lives on or beneath the surface film.
Most neuston require very still waters (usually means small rock pools and ponds).
Eg water skaters, springtails, mosquito larvae.

Question 8

Fringing communities

Answer 8

Flora living at the water edge.

In fresh water: eg water Lillie’s and reeds + fauna.
Marine communities: algae like Fucus sp and filamentous algae + benthic fauna.

Question 9

Hyporheic zone

Answer 9

Hyporheic animals live there.

Where the groundwater and stream waters interact: in the river bottom sediment.

Question 10

Opportunistic

Answer 10

Feed on whatever comes up.