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History -Art & culture > 3.temple art > Flashcards

3.temple art Flashcards

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1
Q

themes

A
  • Famous place : ancient Region
    ex: Bodhgaya : Baghelkhand
  • Chronology
    ex. Lingaraja Temple at Bhubaneswar
    b) Rock-cut Elephant at Dhauli
    c) Rock-cut Monuments at Mahabalipuram
    d) Varaha Image at Udayagiri
  • Place of Pilgrimage : Location
    ex: Srisailam : Nallamala Hills
    ex. Virupaksha temple
    ex. Vijaya-Vittala temple

-Famous buddhist Shrine : Location

  • meaning of particular term
    ex. Panchayatan

-Famous Work of Sculpture
: Site
ex.image of Buddha’s Mahapariniravana : Ajanta

  • utility of particular architectural piece
    ex. Ibadat Khana of Fatehpur Sikri

-features of Indian rockcut
architecture
ex.oldest surviving ; made for whom ; for which faith -> Caves of badami,barabar,ellora

  • All about chaityas & viharas
    ex. What’s difference
  • all about Nagara, the Dravida and the Vesara
    ex. what are they
  • Subject of important pillar inscriptions
    ex. allahabad inscription
  • important place : it’s present day location
    ex. Udayagiri Caves – Maharashtra
  • Monastery : State
    ex. Dhankar monastery Himachal Pradesh
  • Things related to tirthankars
    ex. statue of gomateswara

-Location of biggest monateries

  • Famous temples : which dynasty built
    ex: khajuraho : Chandela

-Lingaraja temple -> asked twice

  • Dynasty : painting in it’s reign
    ex: Kushanas – Gandhara school
  • Indus valley civilizatiion
    ex. Religious beliefs ; animals
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2
Q

Chronology of important temples,caves,images

A

A

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3
Q

place of pilgrimage : Hills name

A

A

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4
Q

All imp Temples : location

A
  1. nitin singhania (p.no.1.49-1.59)
  2. Parvati temple : one of the monuments among Khajuraho Group of Monuments,khajuraho,Madhya pradesh
  3. Dashavatara temple, Deogarh : UP
  4. Ter temple, Sholapur : Osmanabad(MH)
  5. Maniyar Math, Rajgir : Bihar
  6. Konark sun temple : Odisha
    Jagannath temple : Odisha
    Lingaraj temple, Bhubaneshwar : Odisha
  7. Kandariya Mahadeo temple : Hindu temple in the Khajuraho Group of Monuments, Madhya Pradesh
  8. Lakshmana Temple : Khajuraho (MP)
  9. Modhera sun temple : Mehsana district Gujrat
  10. Dilwara temple : Mount Abu (Rajasthan)
  11. Lepakshi temple : Anantpur district,Andhra
  12. Vijaya Vitthala temple:known for creative architecture such as a moving stone chariot & musical pillars. -> Hampi,Karnataka
  13. Hazara Rama Temple : Hampi,karnataka
  14. Veerupaksha temple : Hampi,karnataka
  15. Lotus Mahal: Hampi Karnataka
  16. Hoysaleshvara temple : AKA Halebidu temple : Halebeedu, Karnataka
  17. Chennakeshava temple : Belur,karnataka
  18. Kesava temple : Somanathapura, Karnataka
  19. Mahabalipuram temple : AKA Mamallapuram -> Tamilnadu -> includes Ratha temples or Pancha Ratha (rath temple of pandavas) & Open Air Rock Reliefs
  20. Madurai Meenakshi Temple : Madurai Tamilnadu
  21. Dhakeshwari temple : Dhaka ,Bangladesh
  22. Terracotta Temple, Vishnupur : @ Bishnupur ,Bankura district(Bengal)
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5
Q

meaning of particular terms

A

A

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6
Q

all about Nagara, the Dravida and the Vesara

ex.what are they

A
  1. Nagara
    - Dig : singhania p.no.(1.33)
    - Theory : singhania p.no.(1.32)

2.Dravida
singhania p.no. (1.39)

3.Vesara
singhania p.no. (1.42)

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7
Q

Famous temples : which dynasty built

ex:khajuraho : Chandela

A

A

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8
Q

WTF is lingaraja temple

A

singhania p.no.

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9
Q

Dynasty : painting style in it’s reign

ex:Kushanas – Gandhara school

A

A

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10
Q

Phases of temple architecture

A
  1. First : flat roof ; square ; shallow pillars ; low platforms
  2. second : platforms higher ; some temples 2-storied ; had circumambulatory path (used as pradakshina path)
  3. Third : shikharas instead flat roof ; introduced panchayatan style temple making
  4. Fourth : became rectangular
  5. Fifth : circular temples with shallow rectangular projections
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11
Q

What is panchaytan style of temple making?

A

-Presence of 4 subsidiary shrines along with main temple

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12
Q

Meaning of

  1. sanctum sancrotum?
  2. Mandapa?
  3. Shikhara?
  4. Vahana?
A

singhania p.no. 1.31

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13
Q

Features of sub-schools of nagara

  1. Odisha/Kalinga
  2. Khajuraho
  3. Solanki (Maru-gurjara)
A

1.Odisha
-exterior walls lavishly decorated ; interior walls plain
-no pillars to support roof;iron girders used
-Shikhars here are called -> rekhadeuls -> initially motthys aakaracha roof var continue kartat,ani top la achanak aat curve gheun sampata te
-use of boundary wall likedravida
Ex :sun temple (konark) ; Jagannath temple (puri) ; Lingaraja (bhubaneshwara)

  1. Khajuraho
    - by chandela rulers
    - interior & exterior wall decorated
    - erotic sculptors
    - made of sandstone
    - Panchayatan style
    ex: Kandariya mahadeo;Lakshmana temple khauraho

3.solanki
-devoid of any carvings
-step-tank,known as surya kund in proximity of temple
-mostly east facing -> during equinoxes,sun rays fall directly into central shrine
Ex:Modhera sun temp,gujrat

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14
Q

Under which rulers temple architecture in south india started? their stages & features?what followed them?

A

-Pallava ruler mahendravarman

  • four stages based on contemporary ruler
    1. Mahendra group : rock-cut ;
  1. Narasimha group : decorated with intricate sculptures ; Mandaps divided in rathas(biggest -> dharmaraja ; smallest : draupadi)
  2. Rajsimha group : real structural temples instead of rock-cut
  3. Nandivarman group : small size ; almost like dravidian style
    - Decline of pallava -> followed by cholas -> their style known as Dravidian style.
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15
Q

Architecture of mahabalipuram

A

singhania p.no.1.38

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16
Q 
Nataraja sculpture
feature of which ruler's temple?
which hand has what?
Posture is called as?
features?
A

-Chola temples

-Upper right : Damru
upper left : fire
lower right : abhay mudra
lower left : points to raised foot -> shown path of salvation

  • posture known as Tandava
  • dancing on figure of dwarf
  • one ear has male ornament,other ear female ->ardhanarishwara
  • snake around arm : shows kundalini power
17
Q

Nayaka style / Madurai school
period?
features?

A
  • 16-18th century
  • similar to dravida -> larger in scope
  • has islamic influence
  • huge corridors
  • Largest gopurams (Meenakshi temple,madurai -> world’s largest gopurams)
18
Q 
Hoyasala style
region?
imp locations?
which plan followed?
building material
A
  • near mysore,karnataka
  • Belur,halebid,Sringeri
  • Not panchayatan ; Stellate plan(shape of star)
  • soft sope stone
  • emphasis on decoration through sculptures.
19
Q

Vijayanagara style

A
  • walls decorated
  • gopuram adhi fakt front la -> ithe all sides
  • more than one mandapas -> central mandapa called kalyan mandapa
  • concept of secular building introduced
20
Q

Pala & sena style
period?
features?

A
  • 8th to 12th century by Pala(Mahayana) & sena(hindu structure) dynasty in bengal-> has influence of buddhism & hindu
  • has curved/slopping roof
  • used burnt brick & clay AKA terracotta bricks
  • tall curving shikhara
  • highly lustrous finish

History -Art & culture (8 decks)

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