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History -Art & culture > 2.post mauryan art > Flashcards

2.post mauryan art Flashcards

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1
Q

themes

A
  • Famous place : ancient Region
    ex: Bodhgaya : Baghelkhand
  • Chronology
    ex. Lingaraja Temple at Bhubaneswar
    b) Rock-cut Elephant at Dhauli
    c) Rock-cut Monuments at Mahabalipuram
    d) Varaha Image at Udayagiri
  • Place of Pilgrimage : Location
    ex: Srisailam : Nallamala Hills
    ex. Virupaksha temple
    ex. Vijaya-Vittala temple

-Famous buddhist Shrine : Location

  • meaning of particular term
    ex. Panchayatan

-Famous Work of Sculpture
: Site
ex.image of Buddha’s Mahapariniravana : Ajanta

  • utility of particular architectural piece
    ex. Ibadat Khana of Fatehpur Sikri

-features of Indian rockcut
architecture
ex.oldest surviving ; made for whom ; for which faith -> Caves of badami,barabar,ellora

  • All about chaityas & viharas
    ex. What’s difference
  • all about Nagara, the Dravida and the Vesara
    ex. what are they
  • Subject of important pillar inscriptions
    ex. allahabad inscription
  • important place : it’s present day location
    ex. Udayagiri Caves – Maharashtra
  • Monastery : State
    ex. Dhankar monastery Himachal Pradesh
  • Things related to tirthankars
    ex. statue of gomateswara

-Location of biggest monateries

  • Famous temples : which dynasty built
    ex: khajuraho : Chandela

-Lingaraja temple -> asked twice

  • Dynasty : painting in it’s reign
    ex: Kushanas – Gandhara school
  • Indus valley civilizatiion
    ex. Religious beliefs ; animals
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2
Q

Chronology of important temples,caves ,images

A

A

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3
Q

place of pilgrimage : Hills name

A

A

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4
Q

All -Famous buddhist Shrine : Location

A

A

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5
Q

All imp Temples : location

A

A

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6
Q

Famous Work of Sculpture

: Site

A

A

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7
Q

meaning of particular terms

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A

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8
Q

utility of particular architectural piece

A

A

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9
Q

features of Indian rockcut
architecture.
ex:oldest surviving ; made for whom ; for which faith

A

A

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10
Q

All about chaityas & viharas

ex.difference

A

A

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11
Q

Subject of pillar inscriptions

A

A

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12
Q

important place : it’s present day states location ex. Udayagiri Caves – Maharashtra

A

A

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13
Q

Monastery : State

A

A

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14
Q

structures related to tirthankars

A

A

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15
Q

Biggest monastries of concerned religion

A

A

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16
Q

Famous temples : which dynasty built

ex:khajuraho : Chandela

A

A

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17
Q

Dynasty : painting style in it’s reign

ex:Kushanas – Gandhara school

A

A

18
Q

enumerate the post mauryan art & architecture

A
  1. Architecture : 1)Rock cut caves -> chaityas & viharas ; 2)stupas
  2. Sculpture : 1)gandhara 2)mathura 3)Amaravati
19
Q

Karle caves
By whom?
Location?
Features

A
  • by Satavahanas
  • Lonavla, Maharashtra
  • Double storeyed ; Biggest rock cut chaitya hall and most ornamented
20
Q

Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves
by whom?
Location?
meant for whom?

A
  • by king Kharavela in 1st-2nd BC
  • near the city of Bhubaneswar in Odisha
  • According to the inscriptions, the caves were meant for Jain
  • Udayagiri caves – famous for Hathigumpa Inscription in Brahmi script.
21
Q

Kanheri Caves
in which state?
contains sculptors related to which religion?
carvings, paintings and inscriptions, dating?

A
  • in the forests of the Sanjay Gandhi National Park,Mumbai,Maharastra
  • buddhists
  • From 1st-10th century
22
Q

what happened to stupas in post-mauryan phase?

A
  • larger and more decorative

- used stone,replacing wood

23
Q

Bharhut Stupas

  • location
  • feature
  • Example
A
  • Dewar, Madhya Pradesh
  • famous for it’s sculptor
  • Example: Queen Mayadevi’s dream, Jataka Panel -> ya goshtinche sculpture kadhlet stupa var.
  • illusion of three-dimensionality
24
Q

Sanchi Stupas

  • location
  • How many stupas at sanchi,what are they reffering to
  • buddha shown symbolically as?
A

-Saanchi,Madhya pradesh

-3 stupas at Sanchi; Stupa 1 – relics
of Buddha ; Has upper as well as lower pradakshinapatha ; Lion capital is here
Stupa 2 – Relics of 10 famous arhats and Stupas 3 – relics of Sariputta and Mahamougalayana

-an empty throne, feet, chhatri, stupas.

25
Q

Difference b/w Gandhara ; Mathura ; Amaravati sculpture

A

LA EX art & culture #15

26
Q

Buddha head,Taxila

  • Location
  • time period
  • features
A
  • Rawalpindi District, ‎Punjab‎, ‎Pakistan
  • 2nd Century CE
  • Greco-Roman/hellenistic
  • curly hair ; plane forehead ; eyes half-closed
27
Q

Seated Buddha, Katra Mound, Mathura

  • Location
  • features
A
  • Uttar pradesh
  • Padmasana + Abhay mudra
  • Ushanisha : hair spikes :-///)
  • sitting on lion throne
  • Fleshy body
  • very large halo
28
Q

Seated Buddha, Sarnath

  • Location
  • features
A
  • Varanasi district; U.P.
  • in Padmasana
  • Represents Dhammachakrapravartana
  • has circular curled hairs
  • slender body
29
Q

Buddhist monuments of south india

  • Location
  • features
A
  • Vengi (andhra) -> has stupas
  • Amaravati -> Mahachaityas + sculptures -> He stupa khup motha hota mhanun tyala mahachaitya mhantat.
  • Guntapalle is rock-cut cave site near Eluru (Andhra)

-the early phase is devoid of Buddha images -> later phase had it

30
Q

three main cave tradition in western India are?

A

Ajanta, Ellora and Elephanta

31
Q 
Ajanta
how many caves & chaityas?
by whom?
which religions related?
found in the travel accounts of which  Chinese Travellers?
situated on which river?
What is theme of caves?
who patronised 16,17,19 caves?
About cave no.26?
Features?
A
  • Has 29 caves. 4 are chaityas
  • Patronised by vakataka kings
  • Only buddhism -> Early caves = Hinayana ; Later mahayana
  • Fa Hien and Hieun Tsang
  • Waghora river
  • Theme: Jataka, Buddha, Avadhanas
  • 16,17,19 -> Guptas
  • very big cave ; has variety of Buddha images, the biggest one being the Mahaparinibbana image.
  • UNESCO world heritage site ;
  • only surviving example of paintings of 1st Century BC and 5th century CE (5th century paintings – outward projections)
  • only buddhist painting ; designs with heroic proportion ; attention to imp person ; illustrated stories ; have outward projections ; absence of blue
32
Q

Padmapani Bodhisattva, Ajanta Cave No. 1

A

https://www.google.com/search?q=padmapani&rlz=1C1CHBF_enIN845IN845&sxsrf=ALeKk01l_DDZan2dAypdAnt07wAHDy9e7w:1626691722281&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjAwY_y-u7xAhUTwTgGHemKA8oQ_AUoAXoECAEQAw&biw=1367&bih=642#imgrc=z_MgYoB8wrmsVM

33
Q

Padmapani Bodhisattva, Ajanta Cave No. 1
what’s in hand?
about eyes?
about head?

A
  • lotus present in right hand
  • half closed & slightly elongated eyes
  • big crown on head
34
Q

Mara Vijaya, Ajanta Cave NO. 26

what’s the image about?

A

-image of the Buddha in the centre surrounded by Mara’s army
-part of enlightnment
-the image of Mara is shown contemplating
how to disturb Siddhartha

35
Q 
ELLORA CAVES
Designated as?
number of caves?
religion depicted?
buddhist caves belonging to which sect?
features of buddhist caves?
Feature of cave 10,12,14
A
  • UNESCO World Heritage Site
  • 34
  • Buddhism ; jain ; bramhanic(hindu)
  • Vajrayana sect
  • Big ; 1/2/3 storeyed ; big pillars
  • cave 10 : Vishwakarma Cave or Carpenter’s cave is -> most famous
  • cave 12 : 3 storey
  • cave 14 : Ravana ki khai theme
36
Q

Brahmanical Caves part(Ellora)

  1. Shaivite themes
  2. Vaishnavite theme
  3. Cave 15
  4. Cave 16 - built by ? which type of architecture ?
A
  1. Ravana Shaking Kailasa, Andakasuravadha, Kalyanasundara etc.,
  2. avatars of Vishnu
  3. Dashavatara temple
  4. Kailasnatha temple(kailash leni) ; by Rastrakuta King Krishna 1 ; Dravidian Architecture with Pallava influence.
37
Q

Jain caves part (Eloora)
belong to which sect?
notable jain caves?

A
  • belong to Digambara Sect

- Chhota Kailash, Indra Sabha and Jagannath Sabha

38
Q 
ELEPHANTA
location?
Dominated by which faith?
locally known as?
Constructed when?
features?
famous sculpture?
A
  1. near mumbai
  2. Dominated by shaivite faith
  3. as Gharapuri Caves
  4. 5-6th century ; contemporary to ellora
  5. sculptures have slender bodies ; UNESCO world heritage

6.TRIMURTI / MAHESHMURTI -> central head-> Shiva figure ; other two -> Bhairava
and Uma.

39
Q

Cave Tradition in Eastern India
Location?
Features?

A

1.Guntapalle in Eluru district (Andhra) -> vihara caves here have been decorated with chaitya arches

  1. Anakapalli near Vishakhapatnam(Andhra)
    - > it has the biggest rock-cut stupas in the country.
40
Q

Bagh caves
location?
architecturally similar to?
feature?

A
  • on bank of the Bagh river in Madhya Pradesh
  • Ajanta caves
  • is among the 2 caves where Gupta cave paintings are seen.
41
Q

Junagadh caves
location?
name of sites?

A

-junagadh ,gujrat

- (1) Khapra Kodiya,
2) Baba Pyare,
(3) Upar kot.( 50 ft citadel i.e.unchavar asleli jaga,like fort

42
Q

Nasik caves
alternate name?
for which religion & sect?
Features?

A
  • Pandav leni
  • Mahayana Buddhism.
  • has system of water management
  • symbols like throne and footprints used to indicate buddha’s presence

History -Art & culture (8 decks)

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