2.post mauryan art Flashcards
themes
- Famous place : ancient Region
ex: Bodhgaya : Baghelkhand - Chronology
ex. Lingaraja Temple at Bhubaneswar
b) Rock-cut Elephant at Dhauli
c) Rock-cut Monuments at Mahabalipuram
d) Varaha Image at Udayagiri - Place of Pilgrimage : Location
ex: Srisailam : Nallamala Hills
ex. Virupaksha temple
ex. Vijaya-Vittala temple
-Famous buddhist Shrine : Location
- meaning of particular term
ex. Panchayatan
-Famous Work of Sculpture
: Site
ex.image of Buddha’s Mahapariniravana : Ajanta
- utility of particular architectural piece
ex. Ibadat Khana of Fatehpur Sikri
-features of Indian rockcut
architecture
ex.oldest surviving ; made for whom ; for which faith -> Caves of badami,barabar,ellora
- All about chaityas & viharas
ex. What’s difference - all about Nagara, the Dravida and the Vesara
ex. what are they - Subject of important pillar inscriptions
ex. allahabad inscription - important place : it’s present day location
ex. Udayagiri Caves – Maharashtra - Monastery : State
ex. Dhankar monastery Himachal Pradesh - Things related to tirthankars
ex. statue of gomateswara
-Location of biggest monateries
- Famous temples : which dynasty built
ex: khajuraho : Chandela
-Lingaraja temple -> asked twice
- Dynasty : painting in it’s reign
ex: Kushanas – Gandhara school - Indus valley civilizatiion
ex. Religious beliefs ; animals
Chronology of important temples,caves ,images
A
place of pilgrimage : Hills name
A
All -Famous buddhist Shrine : Location
A
All imp Temples : location
A
Famous Work of Sculpture
: Site
A
meaning of particular terms
A
utility of particular architectural piece
A
features of Indian rockcut
architecture.
ex:oldest surviving ; made for whom ; for which faith
A
All about chaityas & viharas
ex.difference
A
Subject of pillar inscriptions
A
important place : it’s present day states location ex. Udayagiri Caves – Maharashtra
A
Monastery : State
A
structures related to tirthankars
A
Biggest monastries of concerned religion
A
Famous temples : which dynasty built
ex:khajuraho : Chandela
A
Dynasty : painting style in it’s reign
ex:Kushanas – Gandhara school
A
enumerate the post mauryan art & architecture
- Architecture : 1)Rock cut caves -> chaityas & viharas ; 2)stupas
- Sculpture : 1)gandhara 2)mathura 3)Amaravati
Karle caves
By whom?
Location?
Features
- by Satavahanas
- Lonavla, Maharashtra
- Double storeyed ; Biggest rock cut chaitya hall and most ornamented
Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves
by whom?
Location?
meant for whom?
- by king Kharavela in 1st-2nd BC
- near the city of Bhubaneswar in Odisha
- According to the inscriptions, the caves were meant for Jain
- Udayagiri caves – famous for Hathigumpa Inscription in Brahmi script.
Kanheri Caves
in which state?
contains sculptors related to which religion?
carvings, paintings and inscriptions, dating?
- in the forests of the Sanjay Gandhi National Park,Mumbai,Maharastra
- buddhists
- From 1st-10th century
what happened to stupas in post-mauryan phase?
- larger and more decorative
- used stone,replacing wood
Bharhut Stupas
- location
- feature
- Example
- Dewar, Madhya Pradesh
- famous for it’s sculptor
- Example: Queen Mayadevi’s dream, Jataka Panel -> ya goshtinche sculpture kadhlet stupa var.
- illusion of three-dimensionality
Sanchi Stupas
- location
- How many stupas at sanchi,what are they reffering to
- buddha shown symbolically as?
-Saanchi,Madhya pradesh
-3 stupas at Sanchi; Stupa 1 – relics
of Buddha ; Has upper as well as lower pradakshinapatha ; Lion capital is here
Stupa 2 – Relics of 10 famous arhats and Stupas 3 – relics of Sariputta and Mahamougalayana
-an empty throne, feet, chhatri, stupas.
Difference b/w Gandhara ; Mathura ; Amaravati sculpture
LA EX art & culture #15
Buddha head,Taxila
- Location
- time period
- features
- Rawalpindi District, Punjab, Pakistan
- 2nd Century CE
- Greco-Roman/hellenistic
- curly hair ; plane forehead ; eyes half-closed
Seated Buddha, Katra Mound, Mathura
- Location
- features
- Uttar pradesh
- Padmasana + Abhay mudra
- Ushanisha : hair spikes :-///)
- sitting on lion throne
- Fleshy body
- very large halo
Seated Buddha, Sarnath
- Location
- features
- Varanasi district; U.P.
- in Padmasana
- Represents Dhammachakrapravartana
- has circular curled hairs
- slender body
Buddhist monuments of south india
- Location
- features
- Vengi (andhra) -> has stupas
- Amaravati -> Mahachaityas + sculptures -> He stupa khup motha hota mhanun tyala mahachaitya mhantat.
- Guntapalle is rock-cut cave site near Eluru (Andhra)
-the early phase is devoid of Buddha images -> later phase had it
three main cave tradition in western India are?
Ajanta, Ellora and Elephanta
Ajanta how many caves & chaityas? by whom? which religions related? found in the travel accounts of which Chinese Travellers? situated on which river? What is theme of caves? who patronised 16,17,19 caves? About cave no.26? Features?
- Has 29 caves. 4 are chaityas
- Patronised by vakataka kings
- Only buddhism -> Early caves = Hinayana ; Later mahayana
- Fa Hien and Hieun Tsang
- Waghora river
- Theme: Jataka, Buddha, Avadhanas
- 16,17,19 -> Guptas
- very big cave ; has variety of Buddha images, the biggest one being the Mahaparinibbana image.
- UNESCO world heritage site ;
- only surviving example of paintings of 1st Century BC and 5th century CE (5th century paintings – outward projections)
- only buddhist painting ; designs with heroic proportion ; attention to imp person ; illustrated stories ; have outward projections ; absence of blue
Padmapani Bodhisattva, Ajanta Cave No. 1
https://www.google.com/search?q=padmapani&rlz=1C1CHBF_enIN845IN845&sxsrf=ALeKk01l_DDZan2dAypdAnt07wAHDy9e7w:1626691722281&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjAwY_y-u7xAhUTwTgGHemKA8oQ_AUoAXoECAEQAw&biw=1367&bih=642#imgrc=z_MgYoB8wrmsVM
Padmapani Bodhisattva, Ajanta Cave No. 1
what’s in hand?
about eyes?
about head?
- lotus present in right hand
- half closed & slightly elongated eyes
- big crown on head
Mara Vijaya, Ajanta Cave NO. 26
what’s the image about?
-image of the Buddha in the centre surrounded by Mara’s army
-part of enlightnment
-the image of Mara is shown contemplating
how to disturb Siddhartha
ELLORA CAVES Designated as? number of caves? religion depicted? buddhist caves belonging to which sect? features of buddhist caves? Feature of cave 10,12,14
- UNESCO World Heritage Site
- 34
- Buddhism ; jain ; bramhanic(hindu)
- Vajrayana sect
- Big ; 1/2/3 storeyed ; big pillars
- cave 10 : Vishwakarma Cave or Carpenter’s cave is -> most famous
- cave 12 : 3 storey
- cave 14 : Ravana ki khai theme
Brahmanical Caves part(Ellora)
- Shaivite themes
- Vaishnavite theme
- Cave 15
- Cave 16 - built by ? which type of architecture ?
- Ravana Shaking Kailasa, Andakasuravadha, Kalyanasundara etc.,
- avatars of Vishnu
- Dashavatara temple
- Kailasnatha temple(kailash leni) ; by Rastrakuta King Krishna 1 ; Dravidian Architecture with Pallava influence.
Jain caves part (Eloora)
belong to which sect?
notable jain caves?
- belong to Digambara Sect
- Chhota Kailash, Indra Sabha and Jagannath Sabha
ELEPHANTA location? Dominated by which faith? locally known as? Constructed when? features? famous sculpture?
- near mumbai
- Dominated by shaivite faith
- as Gharapuri Caves
- 5-6th century ; contemporary to ellora
- sculptures have slender bodies ; UNESCO world heritage
6.TRIMURTI / MAHESHMURTI -> central head-> Shiva figure ; other two -> Bhairava
and Uma.
Cave Tradition in Eastern India
Location?
Features?
1.Guntapalle in Eluru district (Andhra) -> vihara caves here have been decorated with chaitya arches
- Anakapalli near Vishakhapatnam(Andhra)
- > it has the biggest rock-cut stupas in the country.
Bagh caves
location?
architecturally similar to?
feature?
- on bank of the Bagh river in Madhya Pradesh
- Ajanta caves
- is among the 2 caves where Gupta cave paintings are seen.
Junagadh caves
location?
name of sites?
-junagadh ,gujrat
- (1) Khapra Kodiya,
2) Baba Pyare,
(3) Upar kot.( 50 ft citadel i.e.unchavar asleli jaga,like fort
Nasik caves
alternate name?
for which religion & sect?
Features?
- Pandav leni
- Mahayana Buddhism.
- has system of water management
- symbols like throne and footprints used to indicate buddha’s presence
