3rd_Psychiatry_Exam_REAL_Batch_2024 Flashcards
- The first major physiological theory of emotions was independently proposed in 1884 by James and
A. Cannon
B. Ekman
C. Ax
D. Lange
D. Lange
- According to the Cannon-Bard theory, the feeling of emotion mediated by the cortex & the expression of emotion in the autonomic & somatic nervous systems are
A. Adaptive processes
B. Parallel processes
C. Dependent processes
D. Causally related
B. Parallel processes
- The limbic system rings the
A. Thalamus
B. Cerebellum
C. Amygdala
D. Hypothalamus
D. Hypothalamus
- Who of the following is well known for his contemporary research on facial expressions? A. Ekman
B. Lykken
C. Darwin
D. Cannon
A. Ekman
- Which of the following is not one of Ekman & Friesen’s primary emotional expressions?
A. Disgust
B. Happiness
C. Lust
D. Fear
C. Lust
- The theory that facial expressions can influence emotional experience is called the
A. Duchenne hypothesis
B. Facial feedback hypothesis
C. Ekman hypothesis
D. Emotion feedback hypothesis
B. Facial feedback hypothesis
- True expressions that momentarily break through false expressions are called
A. Flash expressions
B. Give-away expressions
C. Insidious expressions
D. Micro expressions
B. Facial feedback hypothesis
- Papez attributed emotional to activity in the A. Limbic system
B. Basal ganglia
C. Hypothalamus
D. Hippocampus
A. Limbic system
- Darwin believed that
A. Opposite messages are often signalled by opposite movements and postures
B. Expression of emotion evolve in ways that enhance their communicative function and that their original function may be lost
C. Expressions of emotions evolved from behaviors that indicate what an animal is likely to do next
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
- According to the James-Lange theory, the A. Experience of emotion is produced by the brain’s perception of the body’s reactions to emotional stimuli
B. Cortex is not involved in emotion
C. Autonomic nervous system is not involved in emotion
D. Experience of emotion triggers the autonomic response to emotional stimuli
A. Experience of emotion is produced by the brain’s perception of the body’s reactions to emotional stimuli
- “Limbic” means
A. Emotional structure
B. Thalamus
C. Emotion circuit
D. Border
D. Border
- Which of the following structures is NOT part of the limbic system?
A. Mammillary body
B. Cingulate cortex
C. Amygdala
D. Frontal cortex
D. Frontal cortex
- Papez believed that emotional states were expressed through the direct action of the limbic system on the
A. Hypothalamus
B. Hippocampus
C. Amygdala
D. Neocortex
A. Hypothalamus
- The James-Lange theory is that different emotional stimuli induce _____ patterns of autonomic nervous system activity
A. Different
B. The same
C. Similar
D. Inhibitory
A. Different
- The Cannon-Bard theory is that different emotional stimuli induce _____ patterns of autonomic nervous system activity
A. Tangential
B. Inhibitory
C. The same D. Different
D. Different
- The Duchenne smile
A. Involves the trapezius muscle
B. Is a deceptive smile
C. Is a false smile D. Involves the orbicularis oris
D. Involves the orbicularis oris
- Ken is undergoing a sleep experiment. His blood pressure, heart rate, & respiratory rate start to increase. Some degree of penile erection is also noted in him. Which stage of sleep is he most likely in?
A. Stages 2 and 3 B. REM sleep
C. Stages 3 and 4
D. Stages 1 and 2
B. REM sleep
- The 8-12 Hz EEG waves that are often associated with relaxed wakefulness are called
A. Delta waves
B. K complexes C. Alpha waves
D. Sleep spindles
C. Alpha waves
- While she is attached to an electroencephalogram machine, Mikay achieves a state of relaxation as she imagines that she is back in her favourite vacation place. What EEG waves will Mikay’s brain most likely register?
A. Delta waves
B. K complexes
C. Alpha waves
D. Sleep spindles
C. Alpha waves
- As we fall asleep
A. Alpha activity begins
B. EEG activity suddenly increases
C. Alpha activity ceases
D. REM begins
A. Alpha activity begins
- The first EEG stage of a night’s sleep is
A. Stage 3
B. Stage 2
C. REM D. Stage 1
D. Stage 1
- Sleep spindles and K complexes are characteristic of A. Stage 2 sleep
B. Delta sleep
C. REM sleep
D. Slow wave sleep
A. Stage 2 sleep
- Gia is undergoing a sleep experiment. Her EEG currently displays delta waves. Which stage(s) of sleep is she in?
A. 1 and 2 sleep
B. REM sleep
C. 2 and 3 sleep D. 3 and 4 sleep
D. 3 and 4 sleep
- During the night, each cycle of sleep, from stage 1 to REM, is about
A. 30 minutes long B. 90 minutes long
C. 5 minutes long
D. 60 minutes long
B. 90 minutes long
- During REM sleep, changes in ANS activity suggest
A. Total unresponsiveness
B. Relaxation C. Arousal
D. Neural inactivity
C. Arousal
- Theories postulating that sleep permits the body to recover from internal deficits produced by wakefulness are often referred to as A. Recuperation theories
B. Circadian theories
C. Zeitgeber theories
D. Diurnal theories
A. Recuperation theories
- Which of the following is a cluster of serotonin-producing nuclei that runs in a strip down the midline of the caudal reticular formation?
A. Locus ceruleus
B. Substantia nigra
C. Suprachiasmatic nuclei D. Raphe nuclei
D. Raphe nuclei
- There is good evidence that the internal circadian clock is located in the A. Suprachiasmatic nuclei
B. Optic nerves
C. Basal forebrain
D. Reticular formation
A. Suprachiasmatic nuclei
- Melatonin is released by the A. Pineal gland
B. Hypothalamus
C. Penile gland
D. Hippocampus
A. Pineal gland
- Circadian means
A. Happening twice a day
B. Every night C. Lasting about one day
D. Weekly
C. Lasting about one day
- Which of the following cases about dreaming is NOT correct?
A. MJ walks in his sleep; he does this during the NREM phase of his sleep
B. Ben wets his bed while sleeping and dreams that he is urinating
C. Karen talks in her sleep; she does this during the NREM phase of her sleep D. Ai reports that she does not dream; she does not experience REM
D. Ai reports that she does not dream; she does not experience REM
- Who postulated that dreams are representations of our unconscious thoughts and wishes that we repress because they are unacceptable? A. Sigmund Freud
B. Charles Darwin
C. Paul Ekman
D. William Dement
A. Sigmund Freud
- A 21-year old male perceives herself as female and is sexually attracted to males. Which of the following best describes this person?
A. Homosexual woman B. Transgender male, gay
C. Homosexual man
D. Transgender female, straight
B. Transgender male, gay
- Claire, a 30-year old woman is not sexually attracted to men but maintains a satisfying sexual relationship with Eunice, a 25-year old female. Eunice is married to Tom, a 40-year old businessman, and enjoys sex with him. Which of the following best describes Claire and Eunice?
A. Claire is gay transgender female and Eunice is a bisexual transgender female
B. Claire is lesbian and Eunice is heterosexual
C. Claire is a straight transgender male and Eunice is promiscuous D. Claire is lesbian and Eunice is bisexual
D. Claire is lesbian and Eunice is bisexual
- Anthony is a transgender female who is in a sexual relationship with Steven. Steven is married to Connie. Connie, who is sexually attracted only to men, is aware of her husband’s relationship with Anthony. What is Connie’s sexual orientation? A. Heterosexual
B. Asexual
C. Homosexual
D. Bisexual
A. Heterosexual