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Embryology > 3rd Week of Development > Flashcards

3rd Week of Development Flashcards

1
Q

Gastrulation

A

Formation of Germ layers

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2
Q

Neurulation

A

Formation of neural tube

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3
Q

When does gastrulation and neurulation occurs

A

3rd week of development

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4
Q

Sequence of formation of Gastrulation

A

Cranio - caudal sequence.

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5
Q

Hypoblast cells are _____ shaped

A

Cuboidal

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6
Q

Epiblast cells are ____ shaped

A

Columnar

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7
Q

Prochordal plate are _____ cells of Hypoblast

A

Columnar

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8
Q

Prochordal plate gives rise to

A

Buccopharyngeal membrane

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9
Q

Oral cavity is derived from

A

Buccopharyngeal membrane

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10
Q

Buccopharyngeal membrane is derived from

A

Prochordal plate

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11
Q

Prochordal plate ____ end

A

Cranial

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12
Q

Primitive streak ___ end

A

Tail

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13
Q

Primitive streak is derived from

A

Epiblast.

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14
Q

When does primitive streak form

A

end of 2nd week or beginning of 3rd week

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15
Q

What indicates the start of gastrulation

A

Primitive streak formation.

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16
Q

Persistence of primitive streak causes

A

Sacrococcygeal teratoma

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17
Q

1st germ layer to be formed

A

Endoderm

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18
Q

Endoderm replaces

A

Hypoblast

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19
Q

2nd germ layer to be formed

A

mesoderm

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20
Q

Prochordal plate and cloacal membrane formed from

A

ecto and endoderm

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21
Q

3rd germ layer to develop

A

Ectoderm

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22
Q

remains of epiblast after formation of intraembryonic mesoderm gives rise to

A

Ectoderm

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23
Q

4th germ layer to be formed

A

NCC, secondary mesenchyme

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24
Q

All germ layers are derived from

A

Epiblast > yolk sac

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25
Q

Notochord formation steps

A

Hensen’s node - primitive pit / blastopore - Notochordal process -Formation of Notochordal plate - Notochord formation.

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26
Q

primitive streak - midline mesoderm forms

A

Notochord

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27
Q

Role of Notochord

A

Stimulates formation of Neural tube from ectoderm

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28
Q

Remnants of notochord

A

Nucleus pulposus > Apical lig of dens

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29
Q

Persistence of notochord -

A

Chordoma

30
Q

Pathognomic of Chordoma

A

Physaliferous cell - vacuolated cytoplasm and peripheral nucleus.

31
Q

Parts of intraembryonic mesoderm

A

Paraxial
Intermediate
Lateral mesoderm

32
Q

Undivided part of lateral mesoderm

A

Septum Transversum

33
Q

Septum transversum - location

A

Cranial to prochordal plate

34
Q

Septum Transversum gives rise to

A

Diaphragm ,
Liver - Connective tissue, Kupffer cells, Sinusoids.
Fibrous pericardium.

35
Q

Paraxial mesoderm gives rise to

A

Somites

36
Q

Intermediate mesoderm gives rise to

A

Urogenital system

37
Q

Lateral mesoderm - parts

A

somatic and Splanchnopleuric layer

38
Q

Somatic layer of Intraembryonic lateral mesoderm gives rise to

A

Appendicular skeleton and somatic layer of body cavity

39
Q

Splanchnopleuric layer of intraembryonic mesoderm gives rise to

A

Cardiac and smooth muscles and Visceral layer of body cavity.

40
Q

1st pair of somites - when and where

A

D20 - Occipital region.

41
Q

Rate of growth of somites -

A

3 pairs / day

42
Q

after 5th week - how many somites

A

35

43
Q

From which regions does somites disappear

A

Occipital and Coccygeal

44
Q

Parts of Somites

A

Sclerotome and Dermomyotome

45
Q

Sclerotome - parts

A

Lateral, Ventral, Dorsal.

46
Q

Dorsal sclerotome - derivatives

A

Vertebral spine.

47
Q

Lateral sclerotome - derivatives

A

Vertebral arch

48
Q

Ventral sclerotome - Derivatives

A

Vertebral body

49
Q

Axial skeleton is derived from -

A

Somites

50
Q

Appendicular skeleton is derived from -

A

Somatic layer of Intraembryonic mesoderm

51
Q

NC and NT are surrounded by

A

Sclerotome

52
Q

Failure of fusion of Ventral sclerotome

A

Hemivertebra

53
Q

Failure of fusion of Dorsal sclerotome

A

Spina bifida

54
Q

Parts of dermomyotome

A

Dermatome and Myotome

55
Q

Dermatome derivatives

A

Dermis of skin

56
Q

Myotome derivatives

A

Skeletal muscles.

57
Q

UL bones derived from .?

UL muscles derived from

A

Somatic IE mesoderm

Myotome of Somties.

58
Q

tuft of hair seen in which deformity

A

Spina Bifida occulta.

59
Q

Smooth muscle over dorsal aorta developed from

A

Splanchnopleuric layer of lateral mesoderm.

60
Q

Smooth muscle over Pharyngeal arch arteries derived from

A

NCC

61
Q

Smooth muscle of Iris derived from

A

Neuroectoderm.

62
Q

Smooth muscle of sweat glands and mammary glands derived from

A

Surface ectoderm.

63
Q

Tertiary villi is formed by

A

Blood vessels formed by Splanchnopleuric EEM + somatic layer of EEM + Syncytiotrophoblast + Cytotrophoblast.

64
Q

Blood Vessels are derived from

A

Mesodermal layers.

65
Q

Blood vessels formation - Sequence

A 
EEM layer - BV 
then 
IEM layers - BV 
then 
Anastomosis.
66
Q

Angioma

A

tumour of blood vessels - Origin - Mesodermal

67
Q

Origin of Angioma

A

Mesodermal

68
Q

Hematopoiesis upto 5th week is carried out by

A

Splanchnopleuric layer of EEM

69
Q

From 5 th week Hematopoiesis is carried out by

A

Liver, Spleen, Thymus and Bone marrow.

70
Q

Liver - Hematopoiesis timeline

A

5th week to 7th month.

71
Q

Maternal component of placenta is formed by

A

Decidua Basalis

72
Q

Fetal component of Placenta is formed by

A

Chorionic villi.

Embryology (16 decks)

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