3.Plants and animal cells

Question 1

Types of carbohydrates

Answer 1

Simple sugars
Complex Carbohydrates

Question 2

types of simple sugars

Answer 2

-Monosaccharides and Disaccharides.
-They are sweet soluble molecules

Question 3

what are complex carbohydrates

Answer 3

long polymers of monosaccharides.
non-sweet soluble molecules

Question 4

list the pentose sugars

Answer 4

ribose, deoxyribose

Question 5

list the hexoses

Answer 5

glucose, galactose and fructose

Question 6

three disaccharides+ which monosaccharides they are made from

Answer 6

Maltose=Glucose+Glucose
Lactose=glucose+galactose
Sucrose=Glucose+fructose

Question 7

list the polysaccharides in plants and animals

Answer 7

plants=starch and cellulose
animals=glycogen

Question 8

glycogen function

Answer 8

energy storage in animals

Question 9

starch and cellulose functions

Answer 9

starch=energy storage in plants
cellulose=component of plant cell walls

Question 10

what is cellular respiration

Answer 10

the release of energy from glucose in mitochondria in cells

Question 11

aerobic cellular respiration

Answer 11

-occurs in the cytosol and mitochondria and is catabolic, exergonic
-30-32ATP formed

Question 12

aerobic respiration word+chemical formula

Answer 12

glucose+oxygen->carbon dioxide+ water
C6H12O6+6O2->6CO2+6H2O

Question 13

what does ATP become to release energy

Answer 13

Adenosine-Di-Phosphate(ADP) + Pi(inorganic phosphate molecule)

Question 14

examples of uses for ATP

Answer 14

controlling body temp
active transport
muscle contractions
protein synthesis

Question 15

3 parts of aerobic cellular respiration

Answer 15

Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Electron transport chain

Question 16

where does electron transport chain occur

Answer 16

in the cristae in the mitochondria (the folds)

Question 17

where does krebs cycle occur

Answer 17

mitochondrial matrix

Question 18

what is anaerobic cellular respiration

Answer 18

the release of energy in cells in the absence of oxygen

Question 19

anaerobic cellular respiration word+ molecular formula in animals

Answer 19

Glucose->lactic acid (lactate)
C6H12O6->2C3H6O3

Question 20

where does glycolysis occur

Answer 20

in the cytosol of the cell

Question 21

Aerobic vs Anaerobic respiration

Answer 21

Aerobic anaerobic
-requires oxygen -does not require oxygen
-glucose completely broken down -glucose partially broken down
-carbon dioxide and water -lactic acid(animals)
-30-32ATP -2 ATP
-occurs in cytosol & mitochondrion -only in cytosol

Question 22

oxygen debt

Answer 22

lactic acid is transported to the liver for lactic acid to be broken down into carbon dioxide and water once oxygen can be supplied to the muscles.

Question 23

anaerobic cellular respiration word + molecular formula in yeast

Answer 23

glucose -> Carbon dioxide + ethanol
C6H12O6 -> 2CO2 + 2C2H5OH

Question 24

photosynthesis word + molecular formula

Answer 24

carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen
6CO2 + 6H20 ->C6H12O6 + 6O2
-light, chlorophyll and excess water should be written above the arrow

Question 25

stages of photosynthesis + where they occur

Answer 25

light dependent stage-in the grana
light independent-in the stroma

Question 26

factors affecting rate of photosynthesis

Answer 26

light intensity
carbon dioxide concentration
temperature
water is not a limiting factor