3F - Virus

Question 1

viruses

Answer 1

obligate intracellular pathogens, must enter cell to replicate (10-300 nm in diameter)

Question 2

virions

Answer 2

“complete virus particles”, small and simple, extracellular form infects

Question 3

simplest form of human viruses

Answer 3

nucleic acid surrounded by protein coat (the capsid)

Question 4

viral structure

Answer 4

protein coat (capsid)
capsomere (building blocks)
lipoprotein envelope
(icosahedral and helical)

Question 5

2 capsid (viral structure)

Answer 5

icosahedral & helical

Question 6

surface proteins

Answer 6

attachment to host cell receptors

Question 7

properties & characteristics of viruses

Answer 7

either DNA/RNA, unable to replicate, make protein/nucleic acid when introduced to host cell, invade & takes over to produce new virions, cannot metabolize

Question 8

viral genome

Answer 8

either DNA/RNA not both, single-stranded or double-stranded

Question 9

RNA viruses

Answer 9

messenger RNA (mRNA), translated by the host’s ribosomes into protein

Question 10

DNA viruses

Answer 10

cannot be translated directly, must be transcribed into mRNA

Question 11

types of genomes

Answer 11

double-stranded DNA/RNA (2)
single-stranded DNA/RNA (2)

Question 12

shape of genome

Answer 12

circular, linear

Question 13

shape of capsids

Answer 13

polyhedral/icosahedral, helical, bullet shaped, spherical, complex

Question 14

viral replication process

Answer 14

APUBAR

attachment, penetration, uncoating, biosynthesis, assembly, release

Question 15

enveloped virus

Answer 15

outer envelope composed of lipids and polysaccharides

Question 16

inclusion bodies

Answer 16

remnants of infected cells
ex.) negri bodies, owl eyes

Question 17

latent virus infections

Answer 17

infectious disease; symptomatic to asymptomatic to symptomatic again

Question 18

oncogenic viruses / oncoviruses

Answer 18

viruses that cause cancer
EBV, HHV 8, Hep B&C, HPV, HTLV

Question 19

how do viruses cause disease

Answer 19

infect only the cells bearing appropriate surface receptors, multiply within host cells, immunologic injury (injury that results from the immune response to the viral pathogen)

Question 20

NAKED DNA viruses

Answer 20

PAP

parvoviridae, adenoviridae, papovaviridae

Question 21

ENVELOPED DNA viruses

Answer 21

HH

herpesviridae, hepadnaviridae

Question 22

NAKED RNA viruses

Answer 22

PHCR

picornaviridae, hepeviridae, calciviridae, reoviridae

Question 23

ENVELOPED RNA viruses

Answer 23

OPFCFTR

orthomyxoviridae, paramyxoviridae, filoviridae, coronaviridae, flaviviridae, togaviridae, retroviridae