2F - Introduction to Medical Parasitology Flashcards
symbionts
organisms living together
symbiosis
association/relationship of two or more organisms living together
mutualism
both host and organism benefit from one another
commensalism
one organism benefits but there is not beneficial or harmful effect to the host
parasitism
one species (microbe) benefits at the expense of the other (host)
parasite
living organism that takes nourishment and other needs through contact with another species
host
organism that supports parasite, and may later develop disease
medical parasitology
human parasitology, studying parasites on the human body
ectoparasites
parasitic organisms that live on the outer surface of its host (INFESTATION)
habitat
endoparasites
parasitic organisms that live inside the body of
adapting to it if placed on a host (INFECTION)
habitat
obligate parasite
completely dependent on the host during a segment or all of its life cycle
need for host
facultative parasite
exhibits both parasitic and non-parasitic modes, does not absolutely depend on the parasitic way of life, but is capable of adapting if placed on a host
accidental/incidental parasite
parasite attacks an unnatural host and survives but may or may not complete life cycle
erratic parasite
parasite that wanders into an organ in which it is not usually found
intermittent or temporary parasite
those that only visit the host from time to time for feeding
permanent parasite
remains on the host for life
spurious parasite
organisms that have been swallowed and passed through the alimentary tract without causing any effect
hyperparasite
parasites that parasitizes another parasite
definitive host
harbors a parasite in the adult stage or where the parasite undergoes sexual reproduction
intermediate host
harbors the larval stages of the parasite or an asexual
cycle of development takes place
paratenic host
temporary refuge of vehicle for reaching an obligatory host, usually the definitive host, NOT necessary for the completion of life cycle
reservoir host
makes the parasite available for the transmission, usually not affected by the infection