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micropara > 1F - Fungi > Flashcards

1F - Fungi Flashcards

1
Q

Fungi

A

spore-producing eukaryotic organisms that feed on organic matter; NOT PLANTS

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2
Q

Mycology

A

The study of fungi

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3
Q

Saprophytic Fungi

A

“Garbage disposers/Recyclers” main source of food is dead and decaying organic matter; secrete digestive enzymes onto dead matter and decompose material to absorb nutrients

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4
Q

Parasitic Fungi

A

living on and within animals and plants; cannot make its own food so it is dependent on its host

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5
Q

Beneficial Fungi

A

attributed to the production of cheeses, beer, wine, and other foods and drugs

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6
Q

Fungi Features

A

eukaryotic, present & membrane-bound, chitin, reproduction

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7
Q

Unicellular Fungi

A

spores (BUDDING), pseudohyphae (chains of easily disrupted fungal cells marked by CONSTRICTIONS)

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8
Q

Multicellular Fungi

A

cell wall (CHITIN), hyphae (tubular filaments EXTRACELLULAR DIGESTION), mycelium (branched network of hyphae), spores (sexual/asexual reproduction)

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9
Q

Septate Hyphae

A

contains septa (divides the hypha), allows passage and exchange

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10
Q

Aseptate Hyphae

A

without septum; continuous

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11
Q

Asexual Reproduction

A

CONIDIA, simple cell division or mitosis

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12
Q

Sexual Reproduction

A

fusion of two gametes or the fusion of two nuclei

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13
Q

Yeasts

A

eukaryotic single-celled (unicellular) that lack mycelia; reproduce by budding

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14
Q

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

A

“baker’s yeast”, ferments sugar to alcohol, leavening agent

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15
Q

Candida albicans

A

opportunistic yeast; lives on skin, mouth, GIT, GUT

immunocompromised state leads to yeast infections

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16
Q

molds

A

seen in water, soil, food; multicellular and grow in form of hyphae (AERIAL above surface, VEGETATIVE beneath), asexual/sexual reproduction, penicillin

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17
Q

dimorphic fungi

A

can live as yeasts or molds; body temp 37° (yeasts) room temp 25° (molds)

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18
Q

Histoplasma capsulatum

A

causes histoplasmosis; bats, birds and caves

“Curse of Tutankhamen” - lung infection

19
Q

fleshy fungi

A

encountered in forests, mushrooms (mycelium)

20
Q

direct skin contact

A

direct contact w/ infected host

21
Q

indirect contact

A

fomites

22
Q

inhalation

A

fungal spores

23
Q

tissue damage

A

direct invasion of tissue, displacement and destruction of vital structures, inflammatory response

24
Q

invasion

A

mechanical destruction of tissues & obstruction of flow of fluids

25
Q

mycosis

A

fungal infection of humans

26
Q

superficial mycoses

A

affects the outermost areas (hair, fingernails, toenails, epidermis, dermis); caused by MOLDS

27
Q

Pityriasis versicolor / Tinea versicolor

A

Malassezia furfur (Spaghetti and meatballs)

hypo/hyperpigmentation in skin usually on back or chest

28
Q

Tinea infections/Dermatophytosis/Ringworm

A

Dermatophytes

circular lesions, worm lays coiled beneath skin

29
Q

Tinea corporis

A

ringworm of the body

30
Q

Tinea capitis

A

ringworm of the scalp

31
Q

Tinea barbae

A

ringworm of the beard

32
Q

Tinea faciei

A

ringworm of the face

33
Q

Tinea manuum

A

ringworm of the hand

34
Q

Tinea cruris

A

jock itch (groin)

35
Q

Tinea pedis

A

athlete’s foot

36
Q

Tinea unguium

A

nail fungus

37
Q

2 types of Deep Mycoses

A

Subcutaneous and Sytemic

38
Q

Subcutaneous mycoses

A

more severe, fungal infections, grotesque in appearance

39
Q

Sprotrichosis
“rose gardener’s disease”

A

Sporothrix schenckii

occurs on hand or arm after touching contaminated plant matter (can become systemic)

small painless bump, grows larger, becomes open sore/ulcer that’s very slow to heal

40
Q

Mycetomas “Madura foot”

A

Eumycetoma mold

chronic granulomatous infection (feet, hands, other areas)

causes masses under skin, eventually affects underlying bone

41
Q

sytemic mycoses

A

fungal infections of internal organs of the body affecting two or more different organ systems simultaneously (common; bloodstream & resp system)

42
Q

Pneumocystis pneumonia

A

Pneumocystis jirovecii

opportunistic pathogen acquired by those w/ weakened immune system (rare in healthy people)

43
Q

Aspergillosis

A

Aspergillus (mold)

opportunistic pathogen acquired by those w/ weakened immune system, FUNGUS BALL

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