3A Others: Communication Flashcards
1
Q
What two codes did Bernstein form for different social classes?
A
- Restricted code: used by the ‘working class’, short and simple sentences, few descriptive words, commands used frequently to gain compliance, ‘here and now’ is stressed, no abstract ideas
- Elaborative code: used by the ‘middle class’, complex and precise sentences, meaning clear from sentence alone, descriptive words, explanations to gain compliance, events in past and future referred to, abstract ideas expressed
2
Q
What did Bernstein infer about children from working classes?
A
- That they have a language deficit, therefore can only use the inferior restricted code
3
Q
Why did Labov opposed Bernstein’s theory?
A
- He worked with black children from NYC and inferred that they spoke Black English Vernacular and considered it different, not deficient
4
Q
Tannen (1990) observed the differences between male and female manners of talking. What types of language did she propose for each gender?
A
- Men use ‘report talk’: talk to gain and hold attention, negotiate and maintain status
- Women use ‘rapport talk’: establish relationships, develop understanding and negotiate differences, enjoy private conversations
5
Q
What does persuasive communication involve?
A
- Trying to change the beliefs, feelings or behaviour ofanother
6
Q
What are the three different ways which affect a person’s reaction to delivered persuasive communication?
A
- Source of the communication: people will believe info communicated if… the person has expertise in the area, being a fast talker, trustworthiness
- Content of the communication: When people understand a message and like the ideas, they are more likely to be persuaded, people react and interact with the messages being presented to them
- Characteristics of the audience: delivery of a message will change depending on the audiences age, relationship to the speaker, personality, level of education, culture etc.
