3a. Ingredient Sources in Pet Foods Flashcards
Animals need nutrients, not ingredients. Does that mean that ingredients are not important?
Nope! Because ingredients provides nutrients, flavor and health benefits
What are some possible ingredient sources?
plant, animal, marine, isolated/purified, synthetic
What is meat?
clean flesh derived from slaughtered mammals and limited to part of the striate muscle which is skeletal or that part which is found in the tongue, in the diaphragm, in the heart or in the esophagus; w/ or w/o the accompanying and overlying fat and portions of the skin, sinew, nerve and blood vessels which normally accompany the flesh. It shall be suitable for animal food
What are meat by-products?
the non-rendered, clean parts, other than meat, derived from slaughtered mammals. It includes, but is not limited to, lungs, spleen, kidneys, brain, livers, blood, bone, partially de-fatted low temperature fatty tissue and stomachs
and intestines freed of their contents. It does not include hair, horns, teeth and hoofs. It shall be suitable for use in animal feed
What is meat and bone meal?
rendered product from mammal tissues, including bone,e exclusive of any added blood, hair, hoof, horn, hide trimmings, manure, stomach and rumen contents except in such amounts as may occur unavoidably in good processing practices
If an ingredient contains less bone, it can be classified as “meat meal”
Where might meat and bone meal be used?
◦ Can be used in nonruminant species of livestock
and poultry
◦ Can be used in ruminant rations providing the
source isn’t ruminant
◦ Potential use in other applications:
◦ Fuel
◦ Phosphorus fertilizer
◦ Production of biobased plastics
What are the advantages of by-products?
good source of nutrients
* Brain – provides DHA, an anti-inflammatory fatty acid important in
neurological development
* Blood – provides iron, and essential mineral, and protein, which contributes
to daily requirements of protein
* Bones – source of essential minerals that support strong bones and teeth
* Connective Tissues – source of chondroitin, which supports joint health
* Heart – provides taurine and L-carnitine, both which support heart health
(taurine is essential for cats)
* Liver – provides iron, B Vitamins and Vitamin A, which supports multiple
systems including nervous system, growth, vision, etc
What are the risks of by-products?
A prion disease of the brain - bovine spongiform encephalopathy in cattle, vCJD in people
spread by feeding cattle meal made from cattle - particularly nervous issue and parts of the SI
transferrable to people -progressive, incurable and fatal
How do we prevent risks of by-products?
high (specified) risk materials from cows cannot enter human or animal food chain?
Brain, skull, eyes, tonsils, trigeminal ganglia, distal ileum
Ruminants cannot be fed most mammalian proteins, slaughter of any affected herd
What are some alternative feeding trends?
BEG (boutique, exotic and grain-free) - kangaroo, duck, buffalo, salmon, lamb, bison, venison, lentils, peas, fava beans, tapioca, chickpeas
Often a concern for allergies
Camel mea can cause indospicine and hepatotoxicity
Insect protein is another emerging source
What is the alternative feeding frends BARF?
raw foods or biologically appropriate raw food
food not cooked to a temperature that will kill microorganism
home or commercial preparation
raw, dried, freeze-dried
Why should we feed raw?
claims to be a natural diet, improved dental health, improved skin health, prevention or control of disorders any of the major body systems, behavioural improvements
Scientific studies has done some inc fecal bact diversity and possible improved stool quality
What could also happen with raw food diets/
bact contamination, choking, V/D, GI obstruction, rectal bleeding
