3a -- age

Question 1

when did Europe make age discrimination illegal?

Answer 1

2006

Question 2

studies for work satisfaction

Answer 2

gig economy
Brinkley et al

Question 3

gig economy

Answer 3

66% of gig workers are aged between 16 and 30
not entitled to basic rights like sick pay and holiday
young people pressured to work in gig economy because lack of choice

Question 4

Brinkley et al

Answer 4

2013: women more likely to be employed in low paid low skilled jobs than 20 years ago
jobs for 16 year olds less and less common
dominant ideology that teenagers will be in education

Question 5

studies for top jobs

Answer 5

Arber and Ginn
MORI survey and Gannon

Question 6

Arber and Ginn

Answer 6

older generations CONTRIBUTE significantly to ECONOMY: UNPAID WORK
— caring for grandkids 👦 ☺️
— volunteering 🙋 for charities
— loans, emotional + practical support 🏠
STILL PLAY ESSENTIAL ROLE IN SOCIETY BUT NOT PAID FOR IT so lower income and status

Question 7

MORI survey 🐄

Answer 7

people nearing retirement report being sidelined and put out to pasture, impacting earning potential and status

Question 8

Gannon

Answer 8

Glass ceiling for OLDER women in particular.
double disadvantage
Discriminated bc of AGE + GENDER.
STATUS REDUCED after MENOPAUSE— links to society seeing womens’ value based on sexuality and child bearing.
Informal social control for women.

Question 9

studies for employment opportunities

Answer 9

Garrod
Resolution Foundation

Question 10

Garrod (age)

Answer 10

950,000 16-24 year olds are NEETS
so, easier to offer zero hour contracts to young people who have no other option

ONS 2019: young male NEETs increased in last year, female decreased

— increasing zero hour contracts (pay variable week to week, sometimes no work or pay)
— no guaranteed income compared to middle class
— 2021: 3% of workforce on zero hour contract
— GIG ECONOMY: workers get paid fora “gig” rather than week’s work. Freelance work, short term contract
— no basic rights like sick/holiday pay
— estimated 1 million ppl work in gig economy e.g. deliveroo, uber
— Denise Coats CEO of Bet365 earned 14,200 times average UK salary

Question 11

Resolution Foundation (age)

Answer 11

18-24: 24% furloughed
9% lost jobs

35-39: 12% furloughed
3% lost jobs

60-64: 15% furloughed
3% lost jobs

Question 12

studies for pay

Answer 12

Independent, September 2018

minimum wage: 6.40 for 16-17 year olds, 11.44 for 21-22 year olds

Question 13

Independent September 2018

Answer 13

Milennials are economically disadvantaged
earning significantly les than predicted and not in careers they’d hoped for

half of 16-17 year olds expected to earn 35,000 by age 30 with a degree and 25,000 without
but average salary of 30 year old in 2017 was 23,700