3.6.4 Making human resource decisions: improving motivation and engagement

Question 1

Motivation

Answer 1

-Will to work, comes from enjoyment of work itself and/or from desire to achieve certain goals (e.g earn more money)

Question 2

Taylor’s approach to management

Answer 2

-Believed money is the main motivator
-Factory/warehouse jobs had the most productivity and efficiency
-Training staff
-Piece rate pay (pay workers based on productivity)
-Autocratic style of management
-Theory X approach

Question 3

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Answer 3

Self actualisation- fulfilling potential, achieving targets
Esteem- level of status, respect
Social- feeling wanted, sense of belonging, teamwork
Job Security- safety, contracts, health and safety
Psychological- basic needs (e.g food and shelter)

-Believed once a level was fully met, could you then move up to the next one (Cannot skip levels)

Question 4

Mayo’s theory of motivation

Answer 4

-Social factors help to motivate employees
-Hawthorne experiment

Question 5

Herzberg two factor theory

Answer 5

Motivators-responsibility at work, meaningful fulfilling work, achievement and recognition
Directly motivate people to work harder

Hygiene- pay and other financial rewards, working conditions, appropriate supervision and policies

Doesn’t think these are motivating, however if they aren’t there then they are demotivating.

Question 6

Three elements to employee engagement

Answer 6

-Intellectual
-Effective
-Social

Question 7

Employee engagement

Answer 7

-Employee is positive about their work
-Thinks hard about how to improve
-Engaged with fellow employees

Question 8

Motivation

Answer 8

-Employee has a will to work
-Due to work incentives and/or satisfaction from work itself

Question 9

Financial incentives

Answer 9

-Bonus system
-Profit sharing
-Share options
-Fringe benefits

Question 10

Non financial incentives

Answer 10

-Empowerment
-Praise
-Better communication
-Working environment