36: Intro to Endocrine Flashcards
How peptide, amine, and steroid hormones are made
- Peptide: protein translation
- Amine: derived from tyrosine
- Steroid: derived from cholesterol
Peptide vs amine binding proteins in blood
Peptides: very few bound to proteins
Amines: almost all are bound to proteins
Steroids bound to proteins in blood
Cortisol and testosterone: mostly bound to proteins
Aldosterone: mostly not bound
Half life of peptide hormones
Short, around 8 mins
Two groups of amine hormones
Catecholamines, thyroid hormones
Three catecholamines
Dopamine, epi, norep
Where are thyroid hormones stored?
Follicles in thyroid
Receptors for catecholamines vs thyroid hormones
Catecholamines: cell surface
Thyroid: nucleus
Are thyroid hormones typically bound to proteins in blood?
Yes, 99% bound in circulation
Half life of T3 and T4
T3: 6 days
T4: 1 day
Three locations for steroid hormones
Adrenal cortex, CL, gonads
Half life of cortisol, testosterone, and aldosterone
Cortisol: 100 mins
Testosterone: 85 mins
Aldosterone: 25 mins
What gland is innervated with sympathetic innervation
Adrenal medulla
Sensitivity of a hormone receptor
Hormone concentration that produces 50% of max response
Two ways to change responsiveness of a hormone receptor
- Change number of receptors
2. Change affinity of receptors for H
