3.5 lipids Flashcards
whats a saturated lipid
lipids that dont contain any double C-C bonds, found in animal fats
whats an unsaturated lipid
lipids that do contain double C-C bonds found in plant fats
why are saturated fats solid at room temp but unsaturated fats are liquid at room temp
the double bonds cause the molecule to bend so it cant pack closely together and the greater number of unsaturated bonds the weaker the intermolecular bonds resulting in a lower melting point
whats a trigylceride made up of
a glycerol molecule and three fatty acids
what bonds do trigylcerides contain
ester bonds formed during a condensation reaction
whats the role of triglycerides
there used as an energy reserve in plant and animal cells
are fats and oils solid or liquid at room temp
fats = solid
oils = liquid
whats in a phospholipid
a glycerol molecule
two fatty acids
a phosphate group
what elements are lipids composed of
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
are phosphate heads/tails hydrophobic/philic
phosphate heads =hydrophilic
phosphate tails = hydrophobic
what do phospholipids form when they come into contact with water and why
they form micelles as the hydrophilic head is attracted to water so they are on the outside but the hydrophobic tails move away from the water to the inside
how do you test for lipids and whats a positive test
the emulsion test, shake sample with ethanol then shake sample with water if white emulsion forms a layer on top then a lipid is present
what are the roles of lipids
-membrane formation and create hydrophobic barriers
-thermals and electrical insulating layer
-hormone production
-waterproofing
-cushioning to protect vital organs
whats the role of cholesterol
it adds stability to cell membranes and regulates there fluidity
where is cholesterol made
liver and intestines
