3.4 - Anxiety - Summary Flashcards
What percentage of the population is affected by anxiety disorders ?
Nearly 30% of adults at some point in the in lives.
What are the percentages of anxiety disorders in adults in the US in any given year ?
- 7 to 9 percent: specific phobia
- 7 percent: social anxiety disorder
- 2 to 3 percent: panic disorder
- 2 percent: agoraphobia
- 2 percent: generalized anxiety disorder
- 1 to 2 percent: separation anxiety disorder
Women are more likely than men to experience anxiety disorders.
What’s the definition of anxiety vs fear ?
Anxiety :
- anticipation of a future concern
- more associated with muscle tension and avoidance behavior.
Fear :
- emotional response to an immediate threat
- more associated with a fight or
flight reaction – either staying to fight or leaving to escape danger.
What criteria are used to diagnose an anxiety disorder ?
The fear or anxiety must :
- be out of proportion to the situation or age inappropriate
hinder your ability to function normally
What are the different types of anxiety disorders according to the DSM-5 ?
- panic disorder
- social anxiety disorder (ex social phobia)
- agoraphobia
- specific phobia
- GAD
- separation anxiety disorder
What are the related conditions listed in the DSM-5 ?
- PTSD
- Acute Stress Disorder
- Adjustment disorder
- OCD
What are the possible manifestations of GAD ?
Physical symptoms (restlessness, easily fatigued, difficulty concentrating, muscle tension or sleeping problems)
In GAD, what are the worries about ?
Everyday things :
- job responsibilities
- family health
- minor matters (chores, appointments, car repairs)
What reaction people may have after a panic attack ?
Go to a hospital ER, believing they have a heart attack (symptoms are severe)
What’s the mean age for panic disorder ?
22-23
What’s agoraphobia ?
The fear of being in situations where escape is difficult, or help not available in the event of panic symptoms.
What situations can induce agoraphobia ?
- public transportation
- open spaces
- enclosed spaces
- standing in line or in a crowd
- being outside home alone
What criteria to diagnose agoraphobia ?
- fear out of proportion with the situation
- lasts xis months or more
- causes pb in functioning
What criteria to diagnose social anxiety disorder ?
- causes pb in daily life
- lasts at least 6 months
What is separation anxiety disorder ?
Being excessively fearful or anxious about separation from thos with whom the subject is attached.
What criteria for diagnosis of separation anxiety disorder ?
- Fear out of proportion for the person’s age
- persists at least 4 weeks in children and 6 months in adults
- causes pb functioning
Examples of worries in the separation anxiety disorder ?
- Persistly worried about losing the person closest to them
- reluctant to go out or sleep away from home or without that person
- may experience nightmares about separation
Manifestation and age for separation disorder ?
Physical symptoms of distress often develop in childhood
Symptoms can carry through adulthood
What are the risk factors for anxiety disorders ?
Unknown.
Likely to involve a combination of factors (genetic, environmental, psychological and developmental)
Can run in families
What’s the effect of medication ?
Dos not cure but can give significan t relief from symptoms
What can people do to cope with their anxiety and make treatments more effective ?
- Stress management techniques and meditation
- support groups
- learn more about the disorder and inform family and friends
- avoid caffeine
What were the names given to PTSD in the past ?
“shell shoxk” or “combat fatigue”
What percentage of the US population is affected by PTSD every year ?
3.5%
How many people will be diagnosed with PTSD in their life time ?
1 in 11