3.3 Taxes Flashcards

Revise general responses info, sensing processes, innate & learned behaviours, taxes and kinesis (tropism and nasty)

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1
Q

What is behaviour?

A

Ways in which an animal responds to its environment

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2
Q

What is an adaptive behaviour?

A

A behaviour that enables an organism to adjust to a particular situation or environmental cue

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3
Q

Why do organisms have responses? (4 pts)

A

Find more favourable environments
Reduce competition
Avoid predation/herbivory
Find a mate

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4
Q

What are receptors?

A

Cells or otherwise that can detect environmental change

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5
Q

What are effectors?

A

Organs that produce an effect in response to nerve behaviour

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6
Q

What is a stimulus?

A

Change that stimulates behaviour?

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7
Q

The three core stages of sensing and responding to the environment:

A
  1. Receptor is stimulated, sends nerve signals to CNS
  2. Signal received by CNS, new signal sent to effector
  3. Signal received by effector, organism response initiated
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8
Q

Innate behaviours are…? (4pt)

A

Heritable, intrinsic, stereotypic, inflexible

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9
Q

Learned behaviours are? (4pt)

A

Non-inheritable, extrinsic, adaptable, progressive

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10
Q

What do heritable and non-inheritable mean?

A

Heritable is coded in DNA, non-inheritable is acquired through observation and experience

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11
Q

What do intrinsic and extrinsic mean?

A

Intrinsic is present in animals raised in isolation, extrinsic is absent in animals raised in isolation

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12
Q

What do stereotypic and adaptable mean?

A

Stereotypic is performed in the same way each time, adaptable is capable of modification to suit changing conditions

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13
Q

What do inflexible and progressive mean?

A

Inflexible is not modified by experience (ie they’re born with it), progressive is subject to improvement through practice (not born with it).

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14
Q

What is taxis?

A

Movement of a whole organism in response to an external directional stimulus

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15
Q

What is tropism?

A

Movement of a plant or part of a plant in response to an external directional stimulus

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16
Q

What is kinesis?

A

Movement of a whole organism in response to an external non-directional stimulus

17
Q

What is nasty?

A

Movement of a plant or a part of a plant in response to a non-directional external stimulus.

18
Q

What is orthokinesis?

A

When rate of locomotion is proportional to physiological stress

19
Q

What is klinokinesis?

A

When rate of turning is proportional to physiological stress

20
Q

Light prefix

A

photo-

21
Q

Temperature prefix

A

thermo-

22
Q

Gravity

A

geo/gravi-

23
Q

Chemicals

A

chemo-

24
Q

Touch

A

thigmo-

25
Q

Water

A

hydro-

26
Q

Current

A

rheo-

27
Q

Food

A

tropho-