3.3 Intraspecific Relationships Flashcards
1
Q
What are the advantages of cooperative groupings? (BDESPISE)
A
- Breeding success
- Division of labour
- Environmental manipulation
- Shared feeding
- Protection from predators
- Improved young rearing
- Shared learning
- Effective migration
2
Q
Agonistic Behaviours
A
Behaviours related to fighting (eg showy threats, displays, retreats, vocalisations)
3
Q
How does the dominance hierarchy work?
A
It is a linear hierarchy
- An animal is dominant to all those below and submissive to all those above
4
Q
How are dominance hierarchies maintained?
A
Displays, groomings, vocalisations
Challenges can occur and these challenges can result in death
5
Q
Hierarchy advantages
A
For the dominant ones:
- More food
- Mate access
- More offspring
- Less predation
- Good genes
6
Q
Hierarchy costs:
A
- Energetically expensive
- Increased stress hormones
- Immunosuppression due to stress
7
Q
Territory
A
Area with next, den or breeding site and sufficient food for them and young. Often gained through scent marking (spraying).
8
Q
Home range
A
Area used to find mates and resources
9
Q
k-Selection Reproductive Strategy
A
- Longer lifespans and time to mature
- Fewer but larger offspring
- Increased survival rate due to more parental care
- High energy investment
- Population growth takes longer
- Stable population dynamics
10
Q
r-Selection Reproductive Strategy
A
- Shorter lifespans and time to mature
- More but smaller offspring
- Decreased survival rate due to less parental care
- Low energy investment
- Rapid population growth
- Unstable population dynamics
