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Y13 Biology > 3.3 StudyTime Keywords > Flashcards

3.3 StudyTime Keywords Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Tropism

A

Plant movement by growth.

Direction of response depends on direction of stimulus.

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2
Q

Phototropism

A

Tropic movement in response to light

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3
Q

Gravitropism/Geotropism

A

Tropic movement in response to gravity

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4
Q

Chemotropism

A

Tropic movement in response to a chemical

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5
Q

Thigmotropism

A

Tropic movement in response to contact (eg climbing vine)

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6
Q

Hydrotropism

A

Tropism movement in response to water

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7
Q

Taxes

A

The movement of an animal towards or away from stimulus from one direction

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8
Q

Positive chemotaxis

A

Movement of male moth towards female moth

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9
Q

Homing

A

The ability to find and return to the home site

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10
Q

Migration

A

The mass of organisms between two habitats (seasonal or regular)

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11
Q

Nastic Response

A

Response to diffuse stimuli that do not come from any particular direction

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12
Q

Thigmonasty

A

Sudden closing of mimosa leaves when touched

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13
Q

Kinesis

A

Animals only: a non-directional response to a stimulus

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14
Q

Orthokinesis

A

The speed of the movement is related to intensity of stimulus

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15
Q

Klinokinesis

A

The amount of random turning is related to the intensity of stimulus

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16
Q

Biological clock

A

An internal timing system which controls (to some extent) timing of activities in organisms.

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17
Q

Zeitgeber

A

External environmental cue by which an internal clock is reset

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18
Q

Circadian

A

Daily activity, approximately 24 hours

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19
Q

Circatidal

A

Tidal activity period, approximately 12.4 hours

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20
Q

Circalunar

A

Monthly activity period, 29 days

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21
Q

Circannual

A

Yearly activity period, approximately 360 days

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22
Q

Diurnal

A

Active during the day, inactive at night

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23
Q

Nocturnal

A

Active at night, inactive during the day

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24
Q

Crepuscular

A

Active at dawn and dusk

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25
Q

Arrhythmic

A

No regular pattern found in organisms in unchanging habitats eg caves

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26
Q

Intraspecific

A

Competition between members of the same species

27
Q

Interspecififc

A

Competition between members of different species

28
Q

Home Range

A

A set area which animals seldom leave

29
Q

Territory

A

Area that is defended by an animal

30
Q

Pecking order

A

A social “pecking” order led bu Alpha individual

31
Q

Courtship

A

Series of signals exchanged between make and female and ending in mating

32
Q

k-Strategist

A

Organisms who produce and care for a small number of offspring

33
Q

Pair Bond

A

A stable relationship between animals of opposite sex that ensures mating

34
Q

Parental Care

A

Investment of resources by parents in the survival of offspring

35
Q

Pheromone

A

Chemical used as a signal to other members of same species

36
Q

Mimicry

A

Adaptive resemblance between unrelated species

37
Q

Batesian mimicry

A

Resemblance of a harmless species to one that is poisonous

38
Q

Mullerian mimicry

A

mimicry between unpalatable species

39
Q

Instinct

A

Complex behaviour that is not modified by experience

40
Q

Camouflage (crypsis)

A

Concealment method in which an animal is coloured to match environment

41
Q

Photoperiodism

A

Regulation of activity by day length

42
Q

Phytochrome

A

Plant protein involved with the measurement of photoperiod

43
Q

r-Strategist

A

Organism which produces large numbers of offspring but gives them little care

44
Q

Long Day Plant

A

Plant that flowers when day length exceeds a certain minimum value

45
Q

Short Day Plant

A

Plants that flower when day length is less than a certain minimum value

46
Q

Entrainment

A

Process by which an internal clock becomes reset by rhythmic environmental factors

47
Q

Free-running

A

Behaviour rhythm proceeding independently of external changes

48
Q

Exogenous

A

Behaviour driven by external stimuli

49
Q

Endogenous

A

Behaviour driven by internal stimuli

50
Q

Day-Neutral Plant

A

Plant that flowers independently of day length

51
Q

Critical Day Length

A

Photoperiod above which long day plants flower

&& below which short day plants flower

52
Q

Vernalisation

A

Induction of flowering by a period of chilling

53
Q

Precocial young

A

Young born in an advanced state, with eyes open

54
Q

IAA (INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID)

A

Chemical name for auxin

55
Q

Auxin

A

Growth hormone which plays an essential role in tropisms

56
Q

Meristem

A

Continuous growth area in plants (apical bud; root tip)

57
Q

Gibberellin

A

Plant growth substance that promotes elongation of shoots

58
Q

Klinostat

A

Wheel to which germinating plants can be attached and rotated

59
Q

Lek

A

Area in which males (usually birds) congregate to mate with females

60
Q

Learning

A

Behaviour that is modified by learning experience

61
Q

Navigation

A

Determining one’s position relative to other locations

62
Q

Solar navigation

A

Using the sun to navigate

63
Q

Stellar navigation

A

Using the stars to navigate

Y13 Biology (7 decks)

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