3.3 Control of body weight Flashcards
What is Ghrelin and when is it high?
Made in the stomach - stimulates hunger
Highest during fasting and levels fall within 1h of food intake
What is Ghrelin and when is it high?
Made in the stomach - stimulates hunger
Highest during fasting and levels fall within 1h of food intake
What is cholecystokinin and when is it lowest?
Secreted by endocrine cells in the GIT in response to feeding
Lowest during fasting
What is GLP-1 and when is it low/high
product of pre-proglucagon in GI and CNS
lowest during fasting and increased by feeding
What is peptide YY and when is it high/low
Produced by gut endocrine cells
lowest during fasting and increased by feeding
What is Leptin
Hormone made by adipose cells that helps regulate body weight by inhibiting hunger - plasma levels correlate with the amount of adipose tissue mass
What are the pancreatic hormones of hunger and how do they work (3)
Amylin: may play a role in decreasing food intake in short term
Insulin: proportionate to the amount of adipose tissue. Insulin may reduce feeding by inhibiting the expression of NPY and enhance effects of CCK
Pancreatic polypeptide: May reduce appetitie and food intake in humans
What brain region is involve in homeostatic control of food intake?
The arcurate nucleus
What are the two groups of neurones in the arcuate nucleus and what is their role?
NPY and AgRP: stimulate food intake
POMC: oppose food intake
where do signals go from the arcuate nucleus and what do they release?
other hypothalamic regions such as the Paraventricular nucleus where TRH, CRH and oxytocin (hunger suppressing) and to the lateral hypothalamus where MCH and orexins are produced (hunger stimulating)
What is cholecystokinin and when is it lowest?
Secreted by endocrine cells in the GIT in response to feeding
Lowest during fasting
What is GLP-1 and when is it low/high
product of pre-proglucagon in GI and CNS
lowest during fasting and increased by feeding
What is peptide YY and when is it high/low
Produced by gut endocrine cells
lowest during fasting and increased by feeding
What is Leptin
Hormone made by adipose cells that helps regulate body weight by inhibiting hunger - plasma levels correlate with the amount of adipose tissue mass
What are the pancreatic hormones of hunger and how do they work (3)
Amylin: may play a role in decreasing food intake in short term
Insulin: proportionate to the amount of adipose tissue. Insulin may reduce feeding by inhibiting the expression of NPY and enhance effects of CCK
Pancreatic polypeptide: May reduce appetitie and food intake in humans