3.2.34 - Viruses

Question 1

What is a virus?

Answer 1

a small infectious agent that can replicate only inside living cells.

Question 2

They are classified as living things. True or False?

Answer 2

False. Scientist haven’t decided

Question 3

Viruses have all the properties associated with living things. True or False?

Answer 3

False. They have some.

Question 4

Viruses have cells. True or False?

Answer 4

False. They are acellular.

Question 5

What does acellular mean?

Answer 5

not made of cells

Question 6

Viruses can survive without a host. True or False?

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Viruses can reproduce without a host. True or False?

Answer 7

False. They can only reproduce when inside a host.

Question 8

Viruses are very small. True or False?

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Viruses have a very complex structure. True or False?

Answer 9

False. Their structure is relatively simple.

Question 10

Define lyse.

Answer 10

the disintegration of a cell by rupture of the cell wall or membrane. (aka to break/pop/burst)

Question 11

A bacterium is smaller than a virus. True or False?

Answer 11

False. A virus is even smaller than a bacterium.

Question 12

What are viruses made of?

Answer 12

An outer protein shell and either RNA or DNA.

Question 13

What is the viral capsid according to Mr. G’s definition?

Answer 13

It is the protein shell around the RNA or DNA.

Question 14

What is the specific definition of the viral capsid according to COALA.

Answer 14

It is the protein coat that surrounds the genetic material.

Question 15

What is an influenza virus?

Answer 15

A “flu” virus

Question 16

In the influenza virus where does the lipid bilayer come from?

Answer 16

The host cell.

Question 17

What are the proteins on the outside of the envelope important for?

Answer 17

The proteins are important for enabling the virus to attach and enter host cells.

Question 18

How do viruses case disease?

Answer 18

They cause disease by infecting cells.

Question 19

Different viruses typically don’t infect specific types of cells. True or False?

Answer 19

False

Question 20

How can viruses cause cancer?

Answer 20

If infected cells lose the ability to control the cell cycle.

Question 21

What do viruses need to do in order to cause disease?

Answer 21

They need to reproduce and spread to multiple cells.

Question 22

How does viral reproduction happen? (how do viruses spread)

Answer 22

In short, virus attaches to cell and inserts RNA or DNA. Viral RNA or DNA instructs cell to make proteins it needs to reproduce. Viral DNA is replicated with host cell, Viral RNA needs a few extra enzymes to help with replication. New viruses are assembled inside host cell. Cell lyses, releasing viruses.

Question 23

The host cell normally survives viral replication inside it.

Answer 23

False. often it dies

Question 24

Viruses infect host in different ways than bacteria do. True or False?

Answer 24

False. They infect them the same way.

Question 25

What tells the cell to make all the proteins the virus need for reproduction?

Answer 25

The viral nucleic acid

Question 26

How can viruses enter/infect an individual?

Answer 26

breathing, swallowing, physical contact, insect bites, other vectors

Question 27

Viruses are the cause of many human diseases including…..

Answer 27

food bourne illnesses like food poisoning as well as colds and flus

Question 28

What are 6 diseases caused by viruses?

Answer 28

bronchitis, rabies, West Nile virus, HIV/AIDS, herpes,.

Question 29

Viruses cause malaria.True of False?

Answer 29

False. They’re cause by 2 protists. CAOLA will say true though.