3.2.28 - The Potential and Controversy Surrounding Cloning and Human Health Flashcards
A cloned animal has what type of genotype in relation to its parent?
The same genotype as its parent.
Reproductive cloning uses what techniques to artificially generate clones?
SCNT
What does SCNT stand for?
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
Explain the process of SCNT.
You take cells from a tissue donor and maintain them in the lab to keep them from growing or dividing. Then you take the nucleus out of the cell(s).
You also take an egg cell from another donor and remove the nucleus from that cell.
Then you take the nucleus from the egg cell and put it into the desired cell taken from the tissue donor and they fuse together using an electric current (shock). The constructed embryo grows for 7 days, and then is put into a surrogate mother. Cloned animal is born with exact DNA as tissue donor.
Reproductive cloning is efficient. True or False.
False.
What makes reproductive cloning inefficient?
usu. over 100 attempts needed to produce one cloned animal, each attempt = costly + time-consuming
Why are reproductive cloning techniques time consuming?
the procedures have to be done by hand under a microscope
What are 3 benefits of reproductive cloning?
reproducing animals with particular traits
repopulation of endangered species
therapeutic cloning of whole organs to be used for transplants that might save human lives
What kind of issues are considered in the controversy of cloning?
moral, ethial, social and legal
Many countries have _____ research involving human cloning. Pick a word: encouraged, banned
banned
Some people feel that cloning technology could be used to make armies of clones as described in what famous book?
The famous science-fiction book, A Brave New World.
Who wrote this book?
Aldous Huxley
In what year period was the book written?
1930s
Why is research with cloned embryos at early stage of development controversial?
because the embryos would either have to be killed or allowed to continue growing.
