3.2.31 - Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Question 1

What are living things categorized into?

Answer 1

Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes

Question 2

What are prokaryotes?

Answer 2

organisms with cells that lack nuclei or other membrane-bound organelles

Question 3

Are almost all prokaryotes multicellular or unicellular?

Answer 3

Unicellular

Question 4

Are most eukaryotes multicellular or Unicellular?

Answer 4

Multicellular

Question 5

What are eukaryotes?

Answer 5

organisms with cells that have nuclei and other membrane-bound organelles

Question 6

What are the 2 domains of prokaryotic organisms?

Answer 6

bacteria and archaea

Question 7

What are the 3 total domains?

Answer 7

bacteria, archeans, and eukarya

Question 8

Most bacteria are a few _________ long

Answer 8

micrometers

Question 9

What is a micrometer?

Answer 9

one micrometer = 1 millionth of a meter

Question 10

Where do bacteria live?

Answer 10

Every type of habitat on Earth

Question 11

Bacteria are what type of organisms?

Answer 11

Microorganisms

Question 12

What are the most common shapes of bacteria?

Answer 12

Bacilli, cocci, and spirilla

Question 13

Bacilli are what shape?

Answer 13

rods

Question 14

Cocci are what shape?

Answer 14

spheres

Question 15

Spirilla are what shape?

Answer 15

spirals

Question 16

Bacteria cause what common illnesses?

Answer 16

Tuberculosis, pneumonia, and food poisoning

Question 17

Do we have more bacterial cells or human cells inside of us?

Answer 17

Bacterial cells

Question 18

What are the similarities and differences between bacteria and archaea?

Answer 18

They are both prokaryotes and unicellular. Although Archaean DNA is as different from bacterial DNA as it is from eukaryotes.

Question 19

Archaea are similar in size and shape to bacteria. True or False.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What are archaea?

Answer 20

Prokaryotic organisms that live in extreme environments.

Question 21

What type of extreme environments do archaea live in?

Answer 21

places with very high temperatures ( e.g. hot springs)
very low temperatures (e.g.super salineenvironments)
very acidic or very basic conditions
and in anoxic conditions

Question 22

What does anoxic mean?

Answer 22

no oxygen

Question 23

Archaea are referred to as _______ becuz they are found in such extreme types of habitat.

Answer 23

extremophiles

Question 24

Most of the environments that archaea live in are suitable for many other forms of life. True or False.

Answer 24

False

Question 25

Many archaea produce ______. such as ones living inside of ________

Answer 25

methane, animal guts

Question 26

Archaea used to be considered as what?

Answer 26

A special type of bacteria.

Question 27

How did we discover that bacteria and archaea are different?

Answer 27

By sequencing their DNA

Question 28

What are archeans sometimes called?

Answer 28

Extremophiles