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A Level Chemistry Units 3+4 > 3.2.2 Alkanes As Fuels > Flashcards

3.2.2 Alkanes As Fuels Flashcards

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1
Q

Test card

A

Test card

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2
Q

Complete combustion reaction

A

Burn alkanes with plenty of oxygen the products are water and carbon dioxide

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3
Q

Burning alkanes

A

(as fuels)

releases LOTS of energy

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4
Q

examples of where alkanes are burnt/used

3

A

power stations
central heating systems
car engines
etc

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5
Q

Disadvantage of burning alkanes

A

produces lots of pollutants

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6
Q

Incomplete combustion

A

When an alkane burns in the presence of insufficient oxygen

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7
Q

Carbon monoxide

A

can be a product of incomplete combustion
poisonous
binds to haemoglobin in red blood cells instead of oxygen
less oxygen can be carried around the body

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8
Q

Carbon monoxide removed

A

removed from exhaust gases by CATALYTIC CONVERTERS on cars

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9
Q

Carbon

A

aka soot

formed by incomplete combustion

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10
Q

Soot causes

A

breathing problems

build up in engines which means they don’t work properly

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11
Q

Burning fossil fuels

A

produces co2 which is a greenhouse gas
can contribute to climate change
greenhouse effect

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12
Q

Unburnt hydrocarbons

A

not all the fuel molecules are burnt in engines

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13
Q

NOx

A

oxides of nitrogen

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14
Q

How are NOx formed

A

high pressure and temperature in a car engine caused nitrogen and oxygen from the air to react together

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15
Q

ground-level ozone

A

hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen react in the sunlight form ground-level ozone which is a major component of smog

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16
Q

ground-level ozone

causes

A

irritation of eyes
lung damage
aggravates respiratory problems

17
Q

oxides of nitrogen and unburnt hydrocarbons removed bu

A

catalytic converters on cars remove from exhaust

18
Q

Sulphur

A

fossil fuels burnt = sulphur
sulphur dioxide SO2 formed in air
dissolved with moisture in the atmosphere = sulphuric acid = acid rain

19
Q

Acid rain

causes

A

destroys vegetation and trees
corrodes buildings and statues
kills fish in lakes

20
Q

SO2 removed

A

Calcium carbonate or calcium oxide mixed with water in power station = alkaline slurry
reacts with SO2 = forms calcium sulphate (harmless salk)

A Level Chemistry Units 3+4 (34 decks)

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