#3.2 u3aos1 - linear and angular concepts of human movement

Question 1

force
1 mark

Answer 1

a push or pull

Question 2

2 ways force can effect objects
2 marks

Answer 2

-change shape of the object
(stretch, squash, twist)
- move the object
(moving from rest, speeds up, slows down, changes direction)

Question 3

force formula
1 mark

Answer 3

force = mass X acceleration

explanation:
to move/change shape of an object:
- a mass is obviously required for the object
- acceleration (speeding up) of the mass is required to change its state from still to moving or vica versa

Question 4

three types of force
3 marks

Answer 4

• friction
• applied force
• gravitational force

Question 5

friction
2 marks

Answer 5

the contact between two surfaces and
opposes the motion of the object.

Question 6

applied force
1 mark

Answer 6

force exerted on another object
(kicking a ball, gripping a tennis racket, jumping)

Question 7

gravitatational force
1 mark

Answer 7

force of attraction between two bodies or objects

Question 8

angular motion
1 mark

Answer 8

movement of a body part on an axis of rotation (whether real or imaginary)

Question 9

torque
1 mark
hint: AM

Answer 9

the turning effect caused by a force
and causes change in angular motion

Question 10

four types of axis angular motion could rotate on?
4 mark

Answer 10

• real
• imaginary
• internal
• external

Question 11

real axis
1 mark

Answer 11

an axis that is physically detectable

Question 12

imaginary axis
1 mark

Answer 12

an axis that is not able to be physically identified

Question 13

internal axis
1 mark

Answer 13

spinning within the body

(how planets spin on its own axis)

Question 14

external axis
1 mark

Answer 14

spinning outside of the body

(how planets make rotations around other planets)

Question 15

eccentric force
1 mark

Answer 15

a force that does not act through an object’s centre of gravity

Question 16

torque formula

Answer 16

torque - force X lever arm

explanation:
- the level arm is a perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation to the line of action.
- torque causes rotation so:
the greater the torque, the greater the angular acceleration

Question 17

two factors that decide the size of torque
2 marks

Answer 17

• length of lever arm
• size of the applied force

Question 18

momentum
2 marks

Answer 18

the amount of motion an object has and its RESISTANCE TO MOTION

Question 19

momentum formula
1 mark

Answer 19

momentum = mass X velocity

explanation:
momentum depends on how fast (velocity) an object (mass) moves.

Question 20

summation of momentum
3 marks

Answer 20

the sequential and coordinated movement
of each body part
to produce maximum velocity

Question 21

how is maximal velocity produced via summation of momentum
3 marks

Answer 21

in a sequential matter:
- from body parts closest to centre of gravity to those further away.
- larger muscles to smaller muscles

Question 22

conservation of momentum principle
2 marks

Answer 22

total momentum of the system before collision is equal to
total momentum of the system after the collision

Question 23

moment of inertia (MOI)
1 mark

Answer 23

a body’s tendency to resist change in its rotary version

Question 24

angular velocity (AV)
1 mark

Answer 24

the rate at which you are rotating

Question 25

angular momentum
1 mark

Answer 25

the amount of angular motion possessed by the body

Question 26

conservation of angular momentum
1 mark

Answer 26

the angular momentum that is conserved in flight

Question 27

whats the relation between moment of inertia and angular velocity and angular momentum
3 mark

Answer 27

high moment of inertia = low angular volume
low moment of inertia = high angular volume
angular momentum always stays constant

Question 28

impulse
1 mark

Answer 28

the change in momentum of an object

Question 29

impulse formula
1 mark

Answer 29

impulse = force X time

explanation:
impulse is the product of force and the time period in which the force is applied

Question 30

impulse (change in momentum) leads to..
2 marks

Answer 30

a large force being applied over a short period of time
a small force being applied over a long period of time

Question 31

the use of manipulating impulse
3 mark

Answer 31

reduces risk of injury in sports, particularly when catching a ball at fast speed
by absorbing the force.

Question 32

speed
1 mark

Answer 32

how fast an object is travelling

Question 33

speed formula
1 mark

Answer 33

speed = distance/time

explanation:
how far an object travels in comparison to the time it takes.

Question 34

velocity
2 marks

Answer 34

the rate/speed of motion of an object
in a specific direction

Question 35

velocity formula
1 mark

Answer 35

velocity = displacement/time

explanation:
how fast an object travels in terms of a period of time in terms of displacement (a specific direction)

Question 36

displacement
1 mark

Answer 36

an objects/body’s change in position from location A to B

Question 37

distance
1 mark

Answer 37

the path travlled by a body from point/location A to B