3.2 - ENTEROBIUS VERMICULARIS Flashcards

1
Q

other name for E. vermicularis

A

Oxyuris vermicularis

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2
Q

common names

A

pin worm, society worm, seat worm

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3
Q

most common helminth parasite found in crowded and temperate areas

A

Enterobius vermicularis

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4
Q

Final host

A

man

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5
Q

habitat

A

large intestine (cecum)

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6
Q

mode of transmission

A

ingestion, retroinfection, inhalation, autoinfection

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7
Q

infective stage

A

embryonated egg

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8
Q

diagnostic stage

A

egg, adult worm

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9
Q

unique diagnostic feature

A
  • cephalic alae - lateral wings
  • esophageal bulb
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10
Q
  • 2-5 mm
  • curved tail and single spicule
A

male adult

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11
Q
  • 8-13 mm
  • pointed posterior end lays 15,000 eggs
A

female adult

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12
Q
  • light yellowish white
  • meromyarian muscle arrangement
A

general morphology

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13
Q
  • colorless, ovoid with one side flattened
  • measures 20-30um wide by 50-60 um long
A

eggs

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14
Q

shape of eggs

A

D-shaped

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15
Q

outer egg layer

A

albuminous layer
provides mechanical protection

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16
Q

inner egg layer

A

embryonic lipoidal membrane
provides chemical protection

17
Q

eggs can survive ? into the environment

A

2-3 weeks

18
Q

embryonation of eggs takes ?

A

4-6 hours

19
Q

life cycle

A
  1. mouth
  2. small intestine
  3. large intestine
  4. copulation (adult male and female)
  5. perianal region (deposition of eggs)
  6. random objects
  7. other members would be in contact, eggs could float
  8. accidentally ingest and inhale
  9. new host
20
Q

Once someone has ingested pinworm eggs, there is an incubation period of ? or longer for the adult gravid female to mature in the small intestine

A

1 to 2 months

21
Q

Males usually die after

A

copulation

22
Q

Females usually die after

A

egg deposition

23
Q

eggs from the perianal region are accidentally ingested by the same person

A

Autoinfection

24
Q

when eggs in the perianal region hatch and the larva crawls back up into the intestine or intestinal tract

A

Retroinfection

25
Q

female adult lays

A

15,000 eggs

26
Q

Enterobius infection

A

Enterobiasis or oxyuriasis

27
Q
  • nocturnal pruritus ani
  • local irritation of the vagina
  • inflammation of the intestinal wall
  • formation of granuloma
  • salpingitis
A

pathogenesis and clinical manifestations

28
Q

most sensitive diagnostic test

A

cellulose tape technique

29
Q

clearing agent for cellulose tape technique

A

toluene

30
Q

when to perform cellulose tape technique?

A
  • late at night
  • first thing in the morning before bathing or defecation
31
Q

Adult worms can only deposit eggs ?

A

late at night

32
Q

? of cases are detected using routine stool examination

A

5%-10%

33
Q

Before releasing results, it should be conducted on ?

A

3 consecutive mornings

34
Q

types of perianal swabs

A
  1. National Institute of Health Swab
  2. Swellen Grebel Swab
  3. Scotch Tape Graham’s
  4. Petroleum Coated Swab
35
Q

type of perianal swab that uses cellophane

A

National Institute of Health Swab

36
Q

type of perianal swab that uses a pestle moistened with water

A

Swellen Grebel Swab

37
Q
  • Common within families with school-aged children, in primary caregivers of infected children, and in institutionalized children
  • Only intestinal nematode that cannot be controlled through sanitary disposal of human feces
  • Infection through close contact
A

epidemiology

38
Q

treatment

A

albendazole