3.1.4 The Large Intestine Flashcards
How can the Large Intestine be distinguished from the small intestine?
- Teniae Coli
- Fatty Omental Appendicies
- Haustra
- Villi Absent from the Mucosa
What is the Teniae Coli?
They are 3 Bands of Longitudinal Smooth Muscle which runs down the entire Colon
What is the function of the Teniae Coli?
To contract lengthwise to produce the Haustra
What are the Fatty Omental Appendicies?
Small Pouches, extending into the Peritoneum, which are filled with Fatty Tissue
What are the Haustra?
These are Sacculations between the Teniae
How is the Caecum Peritonised?
It is Intraperitoneal
How is the Ascending Colon Peritonised?
It is Retroperitoneal
How is the Transverse Colon Peritonised?
It is Intraperitoneal
How is the Descending Colon Peritonised?
It is Retroperitoneal
How is the Sigmoid Colon Peritonised?
It is Intraperitoneal
How is the Appendix Peritonised?
It is Intraperitoneal
What is the Midgut / Hindgut Boundary?
2/3 of the way along the Transverse Colon
Which artery supplies the Midgut?
The Superior Mesenteric Artery
Which artery supplies the Hindgut?
The Inferior Mesenteric Artery
Which Abdominal Region is the Appendix Located in?
The Right Inguinal (Iliac) Region
What are the 2 flexures found on the Colon
- The Right Hepatic (Colic) Flexure
2. The Left Splenic (Colic) Flexure
What is the name of the Orifice / Valve which connects the Caecum and the Ileum?
The Ileocecal Orifice / Valve
Which 2 structures open into the cavity of the Caecum?
- The Ileum
2. The Appendix
Where is the Base of the Appendix located?
At the base of the Caecum
Where is the Tail of the Appendix located?
It is variable:
64% directly posterior to the Caecum
32% Directly inferior to the Caecum
What is McBurney’s Point? And why is it Clinically Useful?
1/3 of the distance from the Right Superior Iliac Spine to the Umbilicus
Where the pain is referred in Appendicitis
