2.3 The Blood Supply to the Gut Tube Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 main branches of the Abdominal Aorta which supply the Gut Tube?

A
  1. The Coeliac Trunk
  2. The Superior Mesenteric Artery
  3. The Inferior Mesenteric Artery
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2
Q

At what Vertebral Level does the Coeliac Trunk branch off at?

A

T12 - Just below the Diaphragm

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3
Q

At what Vertebral Level does the Superior Mesenteric Artery branch off at?

A

L1

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4
Q

At what Vertebral Level does the Inferior Mesenteric Artery branch off at?

A

L3

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5
Q

Which artery supplies the Foregut?

A

The Coeliac Artery

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6
Q

Which artery supplies the Midgut?

A

The Superior Mesenteric Artery

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7
Q

Which artery supplies the Hindgut?

A

The Inferior Mesenteric Artery

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8
Q

What are the structures in the Foregut?

A
  1. The Abdominal Oesophagus
  2. The Stomach
  3. The Duodenum until the Major Dunodenal Papilla
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9
Q

What are the structures in the Midgut?

A
  1. The Duodenum from the Major Duodenal Papilla
  2. The Jejunum
  3. The Ilium
  4. The Caecum
  5. The Appendix
  6. The Ascending Colon
  7. The Proximal 2/3 of the Transverse Colon
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10
Q

What are the structures in the Hindgut?

A
  1. The Distal 1/3 of the Transverse Colon
  2. The Descending Colon
  3. The Sigmoid Colon
  4. The Rectum
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11
Q

What are some Foregut and Midgut derived Organs which are not part of the Gut Tube?

A
  1. Spleen
  2. Liver
  3. Gallbladder
  4. Pancreas
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12
Q

What type of Venous system drains Blood from the Abdominopelvic Gastrointestinal Tract?

A

A Portal System

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13
Q

What is a Portal System?

A

A vascular arrangement where the blood from one’s organs capillaries is transported to the capillaries of another organ - Blood going from 1 organ to another without passing the heart.

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14
Q

The Hepatic Portal Vein is formed by the Union of which 2 major veins of the Abdominal Cavity?

A
  1. The Superior Mesenteric Vein

2. The Inferior Mesenteric Vein

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15
Q

Where does blood from the Gut Tube superior to the Diaphragm, and inferior to the Pelvic Floor, drain via?

A

Systemic Circulation

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16
Q

As these areas drain into Systemic Circulation, what does this mean must be present?

A

An anastomosis of the 2, known as the Portocaval (Posto-Systemic) Anastomosis

17
Q

What are the 4 sites of Portocaval Anastomosis in the Body?

A
  1. In the Distal Oesophagus
  2. Between the Rectal Veins
  3. Between the Twigs of Coeliac Veins (Retroperitoneal)
  4. Paraumbilical Veins, anastomosing with the Periumbilical Superficial Epigastric Veins
18
Q

What is the Clinical Significance of the Portocaval System?

A

In Portal Hypertension, e.g. Liver Cirrhosis, these can become congested and form Dilatiations. This can lead to Oesophageal Varicies, Hemorrhoids, or Caput Medusae