3.1.4 Large Intestine Flashcards
How can the large intestine be distinguished from the small intestine?
- Teniae coli
- Fatty omental appendices
- Haustra
- Villi absent from mucosa
What is the teniae coli?
3 seperate longitudinal bands of smooth muscle which run down entire colon; contract lengthwise to produce haustra
What are fatty omental appendices?
Small Pouches, extending into the Peritoneum, which are filled with Fatty Tissue
What are haustra?
Sacculations between the teniae
How is the caecum peritonised?
intraperitoneal
How is the ascending colon peritonised?
retroperitoneal
How is the transverse colon peritonised?
intraperitoneal
How is the descending colon peritonised?
retroperitoneal
How is the sigmoid colon peritonised?
intraperitoneal
How is the appendix peritonised?
intraperitoneal
What is the midgut/hidgut boundary of the large intestine?
2/3 along the transverse colon
What is the relationship between the boundary and organisation of the arterial supply?
Midgut is supplied by the superior mesenteric artery
Hindgut is supplied by the inferior mesenteric artery
In which abdominal region is the caecum and appendix located?
right iliac/inguinal region
Which 2 structures open into the cavity of the caecum?
Ileum; appendix
What are the 2 flexures found on the Colon?
- The Right Hepatic (Colic) Flexure
2. The Left Splenic (Colic) Flexure
What is the name of the Orifice / Valve which connects the Caecum and the Ileum?
The Ileocecal Orifice / Valve
Where is the base of the appendix?
Base of the caecum
Where is the tail of the appendix located?
It is variable
What is McBurney’s point and why is it useful clinically?
1/3 of distance from right superior iliac spine to the umbilicus; it is where the pain is referred in appendicitis
