3.1.2.4 Use of guidance and feedback

Question 1

Feedback

Answer 1

info from during/after a game
can be externally/internally
no of different forms each used at different stage of learning

Question 2

Positive feedback

Answer 2

-what was good, tells player what is going well (motivates, combined with praise)

COGNITIVE (BEGINNER)

Question 3

Negative feedback

Answer 3

-not pleasant - what is going wrong/correct errors/bad habits, more experienced = easier to act upon

AUTONOMOUS (small things not intrinsically picked up)

Question 4

Intrinsic feedback

Answer 4

feedback from within (feel for movement) experienced - kinesthesis

EXPERT- AUTONOMOUS

Question 5

Extrinsic feedback

Answer 5

from outside source (coach) advice of types of practice, methods of practice may be given

ASSOCIATIVE (practising)
COGNITIVE

Question 6

Knowledge of results feedback

Answer 6

has it been successful, did pass go to player, if successful do it again

AUTONOMOUS

Question 7

Knowledge of performance feedback

Answer 7

reasons given why shot went in, concerned with technique &how it can be developed

ASSOCIATIVE
AUTONOMOUS (VISUAL, VIDEO)
COGNITIVE

Question 8

7 ways to give successful/effective feedback

Answer 8

1. relevant
2. 3 or less pieces of info
3. accurate & specific
4. ASAP
5. time = digest/modify
6. appropriate goals/targets = help motivation
7. given by someone respected by athlete

Question 9

If feedback used wrong

Answer 9

Discourage and de-motivate performer

Used correctly = speed up learning act as motivation

Question 10

Guidance

Answer 10

often used in addition to feedback
enhance learning
offer assistance

Question 11

Visual guidance

Answer 11

• mental image
• demonstration = allow practice
• different angles
• key points highlighted, reinforce= retention

e.g. a beginner learning a seat drop in trampolining (can see how performed = mental image)

Question 12

ADV and DIS/things to consider of visual guidance

Answer 12

ADV:

• specific weakness
• mental image = replicate = technical correct

DIS:

• copied incorrectly = detrimental
• too much info = confused
• time consuming

Question 13

Verbal guidance

Answer 13

• explanation of task
• visual = highlight points
• mental image
  e. g. coach giving technical reminder

Question 14

ADV and DIS/things to consider of verbal guidance

Answer 14

ADV:

• correct mental image
• highlight points/prompts = correct action

DIS:

• sometimes confusing, lose concentration if not brief/relevant/meaningful
• language too complex (technical for beginner)
• positive verbal = novice
• detailed/negative verbal = expert

Question 15

Mechanical guidance

Answer 15

• artificial aid/equipment
• prevents danger = try skills safely

e.g. a beginner swimmer practising front crawl wearing armbands (armbands/artifical aids)

Question 16

ADV and DIS/things to consider for mechanical guidance

Answer 16

ADV:

• confidence = no danger
• disabled
• kinaesthetic feel

DIS:

• too much - can’t do it alone = dependent = motivate
• interference with kinaesthetic feel

Question 17

Manual guidance

Answer 17

• physical support to aid learning (coach own body)
• forced response
• help beginner guide through feel of movement

e.g. a coach supporting a gymnast to perform a hand spring off a box (physical support of coach = safer)

Question 18

ADV and DIS/things to consider of manual guidance

Answer 18

ADV:

• danger
• kinaesthetic feel
• confidence = break down

DIS:

• over used = bad habit = lose feel
• injury without
• coach close = off putting