3.1.2.2 Carbohydrates - Monosaccharides To Polysaccharides Flashcards
An individual sugar molecule is called a…
Monosaccharide
Name a structural polysaccharide
Cellulose (plant cell walls)
A 5 carbon sugar is called a …
Pentose
What happens during hydrolysis
The addition of a water molecule breaks down a chain of molecules
A 4 carbon sugar is called a…
Tetrose
Polysaccharides are large. This means that they are…
Insoluble (will not dissolve)
When many monosaccharides join together, they form a …
Polysaccharide
Which elements make up carbohydrates?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
When 2 monosaccharides join together, they form a…
Disaccharide
What happens during a condensation reaction?
A water molecule is released from the reacting molecules
How many covalent bonds does carbon make?
4
Which type of reaction takes place when wo monosaccharides join together?
Condensation reaction
A 3 carbon sugar is called…
Triose
A 6 carbon sugar is called a…
Hexose
Name the bond that forms between two monosaccharides
Glycosidic bond
An individual biological molecule is called a …
Monomer
Which type of reaction takes place when a disaccharide or polysaccharide is broken down?
Hydrolysis
Name 3 common disacchraides
Maltose (glucose + glucose)
Sucrose (glucose + fructose)
Lactose (glucose + galactose)
What is an isomer?
Molecules that have the same chemical formula but molecules are arranged differently
Long chains of repeating molecules are called…
Polymers
Glucose + fructose —–> ___________
Sucrose
The general formula of a monosaccharide is…
(CH2O)n where n is the number of carbon atoms
Glucose + glucose —–> ____________
Maltose
A 7 carbon sugar is called a…
Heptose
