31.2 Fungi produce spores through sexual or asexual life cycles Flashcards
15) Which of the following vary tremendously from each other in morphology and belong to
several fungal phyla?
A) lichens
B) ascomycetes
C) club fungi
D) arbuscular mycorrhizae
E) ergot fungi
A) lichens
16) In most fungi, karyogamy does not immediately follow plasmogamy, which consequently
A) means that sexual reproduction can occur in specialized structures.
B) results in multiple diploid nuclei per cell.
C) allows fungi to reproduce asexually most of the time.
D) results in heterokaryotic or dikaryotic cells.
E) is strong support for the claim that fungi are not truly eukaryotic.
D) results in heterokaryotic or dikaryotic cells.
17) If all of their nuclei are equally active transcriptionally then, in terms of the gene products
they can make, the cells of both dikaryotic and heterokaryotic fungi are essentially
A) haploid.
B) diploid.
C) alloploid.
D) completely homozygous.
E) completely hemizygous.
B) diploid.
18) Which process occurs in fungi and has the opposite effect on a cellʹs chromosome number
than does meiosis I?
A) mitosis
B) plasmogamy
C) crossing-over
D) binary fission
E) karyogamy
E) karyogamy
Diploid nuclei of the ascomycete Neurospora crassa contain 14 chromosomes. A single diploid cell in an
ascus will undergo one round of meiosis, followed in each of the daughter cells by one round of mitosis,
producing a total of eight ascospores.
19) If a single, diploid G2 nucleus in an ascus contains 400 nanograms (ng) of DNA, then a
single ascospore nucleus of this species should contain how much DNA (ng), carried on
how many chromosomes?
A) 100, 7
B) 100, 14
C) 200, 7
D) 200, 14
E) 400, 14
A) 100, 7
20) What is the ploidy of a single mature ascospore?
A) monoploid
B) diploid
C) triploid
D) tetraploid
E) polyploid
A) monoploid
21) Each of the eight ascospores present at the end of mitosis has the same chromosome
number and DNA content (ng) as each of the four cells at the end of meiosis. What must
have occurred in each spore between the round of meiosis and the round of mitosis?
A) double fertilization
B) crossing-over
C) nondisjunction
D) autopolyploidy
E) S phase
E) S phase
22) Fungal cells can reproduce asexually by undergoing mitosis followed by cytokinesis. Many
fungi can also prepare to reproduce sexually by undergoing
A) cytokinesis followed by karyokinesis.
B) binary fission followed by cytokinesis.
C) plasmolysis followed by karyotyping.
D) plasmogamy followed by karyogamy.
E) sporogenesis followed by gametogenesis.
D) plasmogamy followed by karyogamy.
23) Which of the following statements is true of deuteromycetes?
A) They are the second of five fungal phyla to have evolved.
B) They represent the phylum in which all the fungal components of lichens are
classified.
C) They are the group of fungi that have, at present, no known sexual stage.
D) They are the group that includes molds, yeasts, and lichens.
E) They include the imperfect fungi that lack hyphae.
C) They are the group of fungi that have, at present, no known sexual stage.
24) For mycelia described as heterokaryons or as being dikaryotic, which process has already
occurred, and which process has not yet occurred?
A) germination, plasmogamy
B) karyogamy, germination
C) meiosis, mitosis
D) germination, mitosis
E) plasmogamy, genetic recombination
E) plasmogamy, genetic recombination
25) A chemical secreted by a female Bombyx moth helps the male of the species locate her, at
which time sexual reproduction may occur. This chemical is most similar in function to
which chemicals used by sexually reproducing fungi?
A) chitin
B) enzymes
C) lysergic acids
D) aflatoxins
E) pheromones
E) pheromones
26) Which of the following is characterized by the lack of an observed sexual phase in its
membersʹ life cycle?
A) Glomeromycota
B) Basidiomycota
C) Chytridiomycota
D) Deuteromycota
E) Zygomycota
D) Deuteromycota
27) A biologist is trying to classify a newly discovered fungus on the basis of the following
characteristics: filamentous appearance, reproduction by asexual spores, no apparent
sexual phase, and parasitism of woody plants. If asked for advice, to which group would
you assign this new species?
A) Deuteromycota
B) Zygomycota
C) Ascomycota
D) Basidiomycota
E) Glomeromycota
A) Deuteromycota
