28.3 28.3 SAR is a highly diverse group of protists defined by DNA similarities Flashcards
11) Which two genera have members that can evade the human immune system by frequently
changing their surface proteins?
1. Plasmodium
2. Trichomonas
3. Paramecium
4. Trypanosoma
5. Entamoeba
A) 1 and 2
B) 1 and 4
C) 2 and 3
D) 2 and 4
E) 4 and 5
B) 1 and 4
12) Which statement regarding resistance is false?
A) Many of the oomycetes that cause potato late blight have become resistant to
pesticides.
B) Many of the mosquitoes that transmit malaria to humans have become resistant to pesticides.
C) Many of the malarial parasites have become resistant to antimalarial drugs.
D) Many humans have become resistant to antimalarial drugs.
E) Trichomonas vaginalis is resistant to the normal acidity of the human vagina.
D) Many humans have become resistant to antimalarial drugs.
13) Which of these taxa contains species that produce potent toxins that can cause extensive
fish kills, contaminate shellfish, and poison humans?
A) red algae
B) dinoflagellates
C) diplomonads
D) euglenids
E) golden algae
B) dinoflagellates
14) Which of the following pairs of protists and their characteristics is mismatched?
A) apicomplexans : internal parasites
B) golden algae : planktonic producers
C) euglenozoans : unicellular flagellates
D) ciliates : red tide organisms
E) entamoebas : ingestive heterotrophs
D) ciliates : red tide organisms
15) Which of these statements about dinoflagellates is false?
A) They possess two flagella.
B) Some cause red tides.
C) Their walls are composed of cellulose plates.
D) Many types contain chlorophyll.
E) Their dead cells accumulate on the seafloor, and are mined to serve as a filtering material.
E) Their dead cells accumulate on the seafloor, and are mined to serve as a filtering material.
16) Which group includes members that are important primary producers in ocean food webs,
causes red tides that kill many fish, and may even be carnivorous?
A) ciliates
B) apicomplexans
C) dinoflagellates
D) brown algae
E) golden algae
C) dinoflagellates
17) You are given an unknown organism to identify. It is unicellular and heterotrophic. It is
motile, using many short extensions of the cytoplasm, each featuring the 9+2 filament
pattern. It has well-developed organelles and three nuclei, one large and two small. This
organism is most likely to be a member of which group?
A) foraminiferans
B) radiolarians
C) ciliates
D) kinetoplastids
E) slime molds
C) ciliates
18) Which of the following is not characteristic of ciliates?
A) They use cilia as locomotory structures or as feeding structures.
B) They are relatively complex cells.
C) They can exchange genetic material with other ciliates by the process of mitosis.
D) Most live as solitary cells in fresh water.
E) They have two or more nuclei.
C) They can exchange genetic material with other ciliates by the process of mitosis.
19) Which process results in genetic recombination, but is separate from the process wherein
the population size of Paramecium increases?
A) budding
B) meiotic division
C) mitotic division
D) conjugation
E) binary fission
D) conjugation
20) Why is the filamentous morphology of the water molds considered a case of convergent
evolution with the hyphae (threads) of fungi?
A) Fungi are closely related to the water molds.
B) Body shape reflects ancestor-descendant relationships among organisms.
C) In both cases, filamentous shape is an adaptation for the absorptive nutritional mode of a decomposer.
D) Filamentous body shape is evolutionarily ancestral for all eukaryotes.
E) Both A and B are correct.
C) In both cases, filamentous shape is an adaptation for the absorptive nutritional mode of a decomposer.
21) The Irish potato famine was caused by an organism that belongs to which group?
A) ciliates
B) oomycetes
C) diatoms
D) apicomplexans
E) dinoflagellates
B) oomycetes
22) If one were to apply the most recent technique used to fight potato late blight to the fight
against the malarial infection of humans, then one would
A) increase the dosage of the least-expensive antimalarial drug administered to humans.
B) increase the dosage of the most common pesticide used to kill Anopheles mosquitoes.
C) introduce a predator of the malarial parasite into infected humans.
D) use a ʺcocktailʺ of at least three different pesticides against Anopheles mosquitoes.
E) insert genes from a Plasmodium-resistant strain of mosquito into Anopheles mosquitoes.
E) insert genes from a Plasmodium-resistant strain of mosquito into Anopheles mosquitoes.
23) Diatoms are mostly asexual members of the phytoplankton. Diatoms lack any organelles
that might have the 9+2 pattern. They obtain their nutrition from functional chloroplasts,
and each diatom is encased within two porous, glasslike valves. Which question would be
most important for one interested in the day-to-day survival of individual diatoms?
A) How does carbon dioxide get into these protists with their glasslike valves?
B) How do diatoms get transported from one location on the waterʹs surface layers to another location on the surface?
C) How do diatoms with their glasslike valves keep from sinking into poorly lit waters?
D) How do diatoms with their glasslike valves avoid being shattered by the action of waves?
E) How do diatom sperm cells locate diatom egg cells?
C) How do diatoms with their glasslike valves keep from sinking into poorly lit waters?
24) A large seaweed that floats freely on the surface of deep bodies of water would be expected
to lack which of the following?
A) thalli
B) bladders
C) blades
D) holdfasts
E) gel-forming polysaccharides
D) holdfasts
25) The following are all characteristic of the water molds (oomycetes) except
A) the presence of filamentous feeding structures.
B) flagellated zoospores.
C) a nutritional mode that can result in the decomposition of dead organic matter.
D) a morphological similarity to fungi that is the result of evolutionary convergence.
E) a feeding plasmodium.
E) a feeding plasmodium.
