3.1 Study Guide Flashcards

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1
Q

Definition of Isomer

A

molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures.
- they have different chemical properties
- they have different biological structures

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2
Q

Definition of Monomer

A

A type of small molecule, a singular unit

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3
Q

Definition of Polymer

A

a type of large molecule made up of repeating monomers; a chain of smaller sub units

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4
Q

What happens during dehydration synthesis?

A

joins monomers into polymers by releasing water

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5
Q

What happens during a hydrolysis reaction

A

breaks polymers into monomers with water
water molecules break the bonds between monomers

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6
Q

Why is carbon a versatile building block for organic molecules?

A

all life is built on carbon
we are 72% water and 25% carbon compounds

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7
Q

How can functional groups determine the function of organic molecules?

A

they give organic molecules distinctive properties

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8
Q

What is the relationship between monomers and polymers?

A

Monomers make up polymers.
Polymers are made up of repeating monomers

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9
Q

Hydroxyl

A

-OH
alcohols
polar

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10
Q

Carbonyl

A

-COH
-CO-
aldehydes; ketones
polar

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11
Q

Carboxyl

A

-COOH
acids
negative charge

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12
Q

Amino

A

-NH2
bases
positive charge

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13
Q

Sulfhydryl

A

-SH
rubber
polar but SLIGHTLY

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14
Q

phosphate

A

-PO4
ATP
Negative charge

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15
Q

Methyl

A

-CH3
Non-Polar

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