2.1 Study Guide Flashcards

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1
Q

Position
Mass
Charge
Function
of a proton

A

Position: in the nucleus
Mass: heavy
Charge: +1
Function: determines the element

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2
Q

Position
Mass
Charge
Function
of a neutron

A

Position: in the nucleus
Mass: heavy
Charge: 0
Function: holds the nucleus together

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3
Q

Position
Mass
Charge
Function
of a electron

A

Position: outside the nucleus
Mass: virtually zero
Charge: -1
Function: responsible for reactivity

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4
Q

Definition of Isotope

A

same element/atom with different number of neutrons therefore making the mass different

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5
Q

what is the atomic mass, number, and net charge of an element with 7 protons, 7 neutrons, and 10 electrons

A

atomic mass: 14
atomic number: 7
net charge: -3
element: nitrogen

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6
Q

what is the atomic mass, number, and net charge of an element with 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 10 electrons

A

atomic mass: 16
atomic number: 8
net charge: -2
element: oxygen

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7
Q

what is the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons of a nitrogen element with a net charge of -3, an atomic number of 7 and an atomic mass of 14.

A

Protons: 7
Neutrons: 7
Electrons: 10

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8
Q

why are isotopes useful in scientific research

A

they can be used as tracers because they react in the same way during chemical reactions (same number of valence electrons) but can be detected from the most common isotope.

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9
Q

what is a valence electron

A

electron in/on the outermost electron level

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10
Q

what is the importance of a valence electron

A

used for chemical reactions-sharing/trading

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11
Q

how do you determine the number of valence electrons

A

based on the elements level on the periodic table

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